恒温控制负载的建模与控制
Modeling and control of thermostatically controlled loads
摘要：
随着间歇性能源的普及率大幅增长，将需要负载在补偿发电功率的快速时间尺度波动方面发挥越来越重要的作用。最近的恒温控制负载（TCLs）的数值模拟表明，这种负载跟踪是可行的，但分析模型，令人满意地量化一组TCLs的总功耗，使控制器的设计。我们开发了这样一个模型的总功率响应的一个均匀的人口的TCL统一变化的所有TCL设定点。线性化模型的响应，并已设计的线性二次型调节器（LQR）。使用TCL设置点作为控制输入，LQR使总功率能够跟踪呈现阶跃、斜坡和正弦变化的参考信号。虽然大部分的工作假设一个均匀的人口TCLs与确定性的动态，我们还提出了一种方法，用于探测系统的动态负载特性是不是众所周知的。
英文摘要：
As the penetration of intermittent energy sources grows substantially, loads will be required to play an increasingly important role in compensating the fast time-scale fluctuations in generated power. Recent numerical modeling of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) has demonstrated that such load following is feasible, but analytical models that satisfactorily quantify the aggregate power consumption of a group of TCLs are desired to enable controller design. We develop such a model for the aggregate power response of a homogeneous population of TCLs to uniform variation of all TCL setpoints. A linearized model of the response is derived, and a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) has been designed. Using the TCL setpoint as the control input, the LQR enables aggregate power to track reference signals that exhibit step, ramp and sinusoidal variations. Although much of the work assumes a homogeneous population of TCLs with deterministic dynamics, we also propose a method for probing the dynamics of systems where load characteristics are not well known.
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