奥本海默-斯奈德坍缩的谬论：根本没有广义相对论坍缩，没有黑洞，没有物理奇点
The fallacy of Oppenheimer Snyder Collapse: no general relativistic Collapse at all, no black hole, no physical singularity
摘要：
通过将Birkhoff定理应用于均匀密度尘埃的广义相对论坍缩问题，我们直接证明了即使假定尘埃的固有数密度$n$是有限的，尘埃的密度$ρ=0$也是有限的！这一精确结果背后的物理原因可以追溯到Arnowitt等人的观察，即中性点粒子的引力质量为零：$m=0$（PRL，4，375，1960）。由于尘埃只是{ \em中性点粒子的集合，与连续的流体动力学流体不同}，它的密度为$ρ= m n=0$。尽管如此，我们发现对于$k=-1$，均匀的尘埃可以以米尔恩宇宙的方式坍缩和膨胀。因此，在现实中，广义相对论性的均匀尘埃坍缩并不导致任何黑洞的形成，这与许多先前的研究一致（Logan，Mestverishvili，Kiselev，Phys.Part. Nucl.37，317，2006; Kiselev，Logan & Mestverishvili，Theor.数学物理，164，972，2010; Mitra，J.Math.Phys.50，042502，2009; Suggett，J.Phys.A，12，375 1979）。有趣的是，这个结果也与奥本海默和斯奈德的直觉一致（《物理评论》56，第456页，1939）：“从物理上讲，这样的奇点意味着用于能量-动量张量的表达式没有考虑到某些基本的物理事实，而这些物理事实实际上会使奇点平滑。此外，一颗处于早期发展阶段的恒星不会拥有奇异的密度或压强，奇点不可能在有限的时间内发展。"
英文摘要：
By applying Birkhoff's theorem to the problem of the general relativistic collapse of a uniform density dust, we directly show that the density of the dust $ρ=0$ even when its proper number density $n$ would be assumed to be finite! The physical reason behind this exact result can be traced back to the observation of Arnowitt et al. that the gravitational mass of a neutral point particle is zero: $m=0$ (PRL, 4, 375, 1960). And since, a dust is a mere collection of {\em neutral point particles, unlike a continuous hydrodynamic fluid}, its density $ρ= m n=0$. It is nonetheless found that for $k=-1$, a homogeneous dust can collapse and expand special relativistically in the fashion of a Milne universe. Thus, in reality, general relativistic homogeneous dust collapse does not lead to the formation of any black hole in conformity of many previous studies (Logunov, Mestverishvili, Kiselev, Phys.Part.Nucl. 37, 317, 2006; Kisevev, Logunov & Mestvirishvili, Theor. Math. Phys., 164, 972, 2010; Mitra, J. Math. Phys. 50, 042502, 2009; Suggett, J. Phys. A, 12, 375 1979). Interestingly, this result is in agreement with the intuition of Oppenheimer & Snyder (Phys. Rev. 56, p.456, 1939) too: "Physically such a singularity would mean that the expressions used for the energy-momentum tensor does not take into account some essential physical fact which would really smooth the singularity out. Further, a star in its early stages of development would not possess a singular density or pressure, it is impossible for a singularity to develop in a finite time."
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
