arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1012.4931astro-ph.SR
收藏

球状星团M4中水平支星间的钠氧关系

Sodium-Oxygen anticorrelation among Horizontal Branch Stars in the Globular Cluster M4

A. F Marino, S. Villanova, A. P. Milone, G. Piotto, K. Lind, D. Geisler, P. B. Stetson

摘要:

球状星团(GC)的水平支(HB)形态主要受金属丰度的控制。第二个参数问题,众所周知,自60年代以来,国家的金属性本身是不足以描述观察到的HB形态的许多GC。尽管许多努力来解决这个问题,第二个参数的现象仍然没有一个令人满意的解释。我们分析了GC M4中的蓝色,红色HB和RR-Lyrics星,并研究了它们的Fe,Na和O丰度。我们的目标是研究M4的双峰HB和最近在这个星团的红巨星中发现的两个恒星星族的化学特征之间可能的联系。我们获得了一个样本的22颗恒星的FLAMES-UVES/GIRAFFE光谱覆盖HB从红色到蓝色的区域。虽然铁在红HB和蓝HB中的丰度相同,但红HB由钠丰度与太阳相当的恒星组成,而蓝HB恒星都是钠增强和氧耗尽的。RR型天琴座和红HB型一样,钠含量很低,但富含O。这就是我们所期望的,如果蓝HB由早期恒星星族通过高温氢燃烧过程(包括CNO,NeNa和MgAl循环)产生的喷出物形成的第二代恒星组成,因此预计是富氦的。根据这种情况,在蓝色和红色HB段中检测到的钠和氧模式表明氦是统治M4中HB形态的第二个参数。

英文摘要:

The horizontal branch (HB) morphology of globular clusters (GC) is mainly governed by metallicity. The second parameter problem, well known since the 60's, states that metallicity alone is not enough to describe the observed HB morphology of many GCs. Despite many efforts to resolve this issue, the second parameter phenomenon still remains without a satisfactory explanation. We have analyzed blue, red-HB, and RR-Lyrae stars in the GC M4 and studied their Fe, Na, and O abundances. Our goal is to investigate possible connections between the bimodal HB of M4 and the chemical signatures of the two stellar populations recently discovered among red giants of this cluster. We obtained FLAMES-UVES/GIRAFFE spectra of a sample of 22 stars covering the HB from the red to the blue region. While iron has the same abundance in both the red and blue-HB segment, the red-HB is composed of stars with scaled-solar sodium abundances, while the blue-HB stars are all sodium enhanced and oxygen depleted. The RR-Lyrae are Na-poor, as the red-HB stars, and O-rich. This is what we expect if the blue-HB consists of a second generation of stars formed from the ejecta produced by an earlier stellar population through high-temperature hydrogen-burning processes that include the CNO, NeNa, and MgAl cycles and are therefore expected to be He-rich. According to this scenario, the sodium and oxygen pattern detected in the blue and red-HB segments suggests helium as the second parameter that rules the HB morphology in M4.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑