强场偶极共振。I.限制分析案例
Strong-field dipole resonance. I. Limiting analytical cases
摘要：
我们研究了N-能级系统中的种群动力学，该系统通过一个具有非零对角元素的算子与一个强外场耦合。作为具体的例子，我们考虑偶极分子系统的情况。我们确定的限制情况下的哈密顿导致波函数，可以写在普通指数，并专注于缓慢和快速变化的领域的限制任意强度。对于快速变化的领域，我们证明了任意$N$的人口动力学是独立的领域的偶极耦合上的投影的符号。在相反的限制缓慢变化的领域的目标水平的人口优化的偶极共振条件。结果，对于场的一个符号，粒子数转移被最大化，而对于另一个符号，粒子数转移被抑制，从而可以设计出基于翻转场极化的开关。对于显着的符号依赖性的谐振线宽相对于场强是小的。在中等场变化的中间区域，耦合中最低阶的积分可以重写为类似于两种极限情况的项之和，加上N>2的校正项，因此仍然存在不太明显的符号依赖性。
英文摘要：
We investigate population dynamics in N-level systems driven beyond the linear regime by a strong external field, which couples to the system through an operator with nonzero diagonal elements. As concrete example we consider the case of dipolar molecular systems. We identify limiting cases of the Hamiltonian leading to wavefunctions that can be written in terms of ordinary exponentials, and focus on the limits of slowly and rapidly varying fields of arbitrary strength. For rapidly varying fields we prove for arbitrary $N$ that the population dynamics is independent of the sign of the projection of the field onto the dipole coupling. In the opposite limit of slowly varying fields the population of the target level is optimized by a dipole resonance condition. As a result population transfer is maximized for one sign of the field and suppressed for the other one, so that a switch based on flopping the field polarization can be devised. For significant sign dependence the resonance linewidth with respect to the field strength is small. In the intermediate regime of moderate field variation, the integral of lowest order in the coupling can be rewritten as a sum of terms resembling the two limiting cases, plus correction terms for N>2, so that a less pronounced sign-dependence still exists.
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