活动星系核宿主星系z~2的HST WFC3/IR观测：盘星系中生长的超大质量黑洞
HST WFC3/IR Observations of Active Galactic Nucleus Host Galaxies at z~2: Supermassive Black Holes Grow in Disk Galaxies
摘要：
利用哈勃空间望远镜3号宽视场相机的近红外成像技术，首次对1.5<z<3的活动星系核（活动星系核，AGN）宿主星系进行了研究，给出了其静止坐标系的光学形貌。活动星系核是Chandra深场南的X射线源，具有典型的1 E42 <LX <1 E44 erg/s的亮度。在这个光度和红移范围内的吸积黑洞占宇宙时间内总空间密度和黑洞质量增长的很大一部分;因此它们代表了宇宙中黑洞增长的一种重要模式。我们发现，大多数（~80%）的这些活动星系核的宿主星系有低的Sersic指数指示盘为主的光剖面，这表明长期的过程管理的宇宙增长的黑洞的一个重要组成部分。也就是说，现今宇宙中的许多黑洞在盘状星系中增加了大部分质量，而不是在早期类型的星系或主要合并中。活动星系核宿主星系的性质与它们的母星系群是不可区分的，我们发现在z~2和z~0.05之间，有效半径或形态混合都没有强烈的演化。
英文摘要：
We present the rest-frame optical morphologies of active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxies at 1.5<z<3, using near-infrared imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3, the first such study of AGN host galaxies at these redshifts. The AGN are X-ray selected from the Chandra Deep Field South and have typical luminosities of 1E42 < L_X < 1E44 erg/s. Accreting black holes in this luminosity and redshift range account for a substantial fraction of the total space density and black hole mass growth over cosmic time; they thus represent an important mode of black hole growth in the universe. We find that the majority (~80%) of the host galaxies of these AGN have low Sersic indices indicative of disk-dominated light profiles, suggesting that secular processes govern a significant fraction of the cosmic growth of black holes. That is, many black holes in the present-day universe grew much of their mass in disk-dominated galaxies and not in early-type galaxies or major mergers. The properties of the AGN host galaxies are furthermore indistinguishable from their parent galaxy population and we find no strong evolution in either effective radii or morphological mix between z~2 and z~0.05.
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