用氢Paschen线估算活动星系核中黑洞质量的新方法
New Estimators of Black Hole Mass in Active Galactic Nuclei with Hydrogen Paschen Lines
摘要：
超过50%的活动星系核（AGN）被怀疑是红色的，并受到尘埃遮蔽的影响。与此同时，流行的光谱诊断的活动星系核是基于光学或紫外光，使尘埃遮蔽作为一个主要关注的一般性质的活动星系核和超大质量黑洞居住在其中。为了提供一种研究尘埃活动星系核性质的方法，我们基于近红外氢谱线P $α$和P $β$的速度宽度和光度，导出了新的黑洞（BH）质量估计，并研究了这些氢谱线的谱线比.为了得到BH质量（$M_{\rm BH}$）估计，我们使用了一个样本的37个未被掩盖的类型1活动星系核的$M_{\rm BH}$范围的$10^{6.8}$ - $10^{9.4} M_{\odot}$，其中$M_{\rm BH}$来自混响映射方法或单历元测量方法使用巴耳末线。我们的工作表明，$M_{\rm BH}$可以估计的帕邢线光度和速度宽度的精度为0.18 - 0.24 dex（均方根散射）。我们还发现Paschen线和Balmer线的平均线比为$\mathrm{\frac{Hα}{Pα}} \simeq 9.00$，$\mathrm{\frac{Hβ}{Pα}} \simeq 2.70$，这与典型活动星系核宽线区环境下的事例B重组相一致。这些比值可以作为参考点时，估计的尘埃消光量的宽线区（BLR）的红色活动星系核。我们希望未来的应用新的BH质量估计的红色，尘埃活动星系核，提供一个新的观点模糊活动星系核。
英文摘要：
More than 50% of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are suspected to be red and affected by dust-obscuration. Meanwhile, popular spectral diagnostics of AGNs are based on optical or ultraviolet light, making the dust obscuration as a primary concern for understanding the general nature of AGNs and supermassive black holes residing in them. To provide with a method of investigating properties of the dusty AGNs, we derive new black hole (BH) mass estimators based on velocity widths and luminosities of Near Infrared (NIR) hydrogen emission lines such as P$α$ and P$β$, and also investigate the line ratios of these Hydrogen lines. To derive the BH mass ($M_{\rm BH}$) estimators, we used a sample of 37 unobscured Type-1 AGNs with a $M_{\rm BH}$ range of $10^{6.8}$-$10^{9.4} M_{\odot}$, where $M_{\rm BH}$ come from either reverberation mapping method or single-epoch measurement method using Balmer lines. Our work shows that $M_{\rm BH}$ can be estimated from the Paschen line luminosities and the velocity widths to the accuracy of 0.18 - 0.24 dex (rms scatter). We also show that the mean line ratios of the Paschen lines and the Balmer lines are $\mathrm{\frac{Hα}{Pα}} \simeq 9.00$, $\mathrm{\frac{Hβ}{Pα}} \simeq 2.70$, which are consistent with a Case B recombination under a typical AGN broad line region environment. These ratios can be used as reference points when estimating the amount of dust extinction over the broad line region (BLR) for red AGNs. We expect the future application of the new BH mass estimators on red, dusty AGNs to provide a fresh view of obscured AGNs.
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