植物的种子，种子和种子的第一种材料：一个简单的例子，蒙莫林神父使用的植物种子
Les cendres végétales, matières premières des verres et des émaux : un exemple, les cendres de végétaux utilisées par Fr. D de Montmolin
摘要：
植物灰的粉末性质和高碱含量使其成为用作硅酸盐组合物（玻璃、搪瓷和陶瓷）改性剂的理想原料。玻璃历史文献中描述了自古以来它们的使用情况，但对其成分分析的研究仍然有限。我们在这里讨论树木和灌木的灰烬（金合欢树、山楂树、橡树、绿橡树、橄榄木、榆树、白杨、苹果树、葡萄苗）、植物（苔草、蕨类植物、山茱萸）、谷物（小麦、玉米、水稻）、粪便和干草的成分，这些灰烬主要是陶工D兄弟在泰泽（法国索恩-卢瓦尔省）附近的Maconnais收获的。蒙特莫林。碱改性剂（Na 2 O，K2 O），碱土金属（CaO，MgO）和二氧化硅的贡献进行了讨论，鉴于从文献中收集的数据的历史上使用的技术在陶瓷，搪瓷和玻璃的生产。成分的巨大变化通常归因于回收，并受到我们在灰烬分析中获得的非常广泛的成分的质疑。
英文摘要：
The powdery nature and high alkali content of vegetable ashes make them ideal raw materials to be used as modifiers of silicate compositions (glasses, enamels and ceramics). Their utilisation since ancient times is described in the literature of the history of glasses, but studies on the analyses of their composition are still limited. We discuss here the compositions of tree and shrub ashes (wattle, hawthorn, oak, green oak, olive wood, elm, poplar, apple tree, vine shoot), of plants (carex, fern, dogwood), of cereals (wheat, maize, rice), threshing waste and hay, mainly harvested in Maconnais, near Taizé (Saône-et-Loire, France), by the potter Brother D. de Montmolin. The contributions in alkali modifiers (Na2O, K2O), alkaline-earth (CaO, MgO) and in silica are discussed in view of the data gathered from the literature of the history of techniques used in the production of ceramics, enamels and glasses. The huge variation in composition is usually attributed to recycling and is questioned by the very broad range of compositions that we obtained in the analyses of the ashes.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
