IV、V、VI族元素熔体的微观结构与声速异常的关系
On the relation between the microscopic structure and the sound velocity anomaly in elemental melts of groups IV, V, VI
摘要：
如文献中所报道的，IV、V和VI族的某些液体元素的声速显示出使它们与其他液体金属区分开的异常特征。为了确定这些异常可能的共同起源，在很宽的温度范围内对液态铋和锑进行了广泛的中子衍射测量。测定了液态Sb和Bi的结构因子与温度的关系。两种熔融金属的结构进行了仔细的分析，在各自的径向分布函数的峰值位置，宽度和配位数。在一定温度范围内，径向分布函数的峰宽没有增加，甚至有所减小。峰宽的这种反常温度依赖性与声速的反常温度依赖性相关。这种相关性可以通过随着温度增加液体结构的刚性来解释。的峰宽和声速之间的现象学的相关性，建议为金属熔体，并发现同意与现有的数据为正常和异常的元素液体在组IV-VI。
英文摘要：
The sound velocity of some liquid elements of groups IV, V and VI, as reported in the literature, displays anomalous features that set them apart from other liquid metals. In an effort to determine a possible common origin of these anomalies, extensive neutron diffraction measurements of liquid Bi and Sb were carried out over a wide temperature range. The structure factors of liquid Sb and Bi were determined as a function of temperature. The structure of the two molten metals was carefully analyzed with respect to peak locations, widths and coordination number in their respective radial distribution function. The width of the peaks in the radial distribution function were not found to increase and even decreased within a certain temperature range. This anomalous temperature dependence of the peak widths correlates with the anomalous temperature dependence of the sound velocity. This correlation may be accounted for by increasing rigidity of the liquid structure with temperature. A phenomenological correlation between the peak width and the sound velocity is suggested for metallic melts and is found to agree with available data for normal and anomalous elemental liquids in groups IV-VI.
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