arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1011.2632astro-ph.CO
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银河系的诞生:原始金属富集和恒星星族

The Birth of a Galaxy: Primordial Metal Enrichment and Stellar Populations

John H. Wise, Matthew J. Turk, Michael L. Norman, Tom Abel

摘要:

根据定义,第三星族恒星是不含金属的,它们的原恒星坍缩是由气相中的氢分子冷却驱动的,导致大的特征质量。当恒星形成气体达到10^{-6} - 10^{-3.5} Z_ \odot的临界金属丰度时,特征质量较低的星族II星形成。我们提出了一个自适应网格细化辐射流体动力学模拟,从人口III到II恒星形成的过渡。最大空间分辨率为1秒差距,可以很好地分辨单个分子云,并详细研究它们的恒星关联。我们用自适应射线追踪来模拟恒星辐射反馈。一个头重脚轻的初始质量函数的第III族恒星被认为是一个合理的分布对不稳定的超新星和相关的金属富集。我们发现,在质量大于10^7太阳质量的并合历史丰富的晕中,气体部分从5%恢复到接近宇宙部分。一颗对不稳定超新星足以使主晕的金属丰度达到10^{-3} Z_ \odot,并过渡到星族II恒星的形成。这提供了一个自然的解释所观察到的地板阻尼莱曼α(DLA)系统的金属丰度在文献中报道,这是这个顺序。我们发现,恒星金属丰度不一定跟踪恒星的年龄,合并的晕与既定的恒星星族可以创建叠加的t-Z演化轨迹。当星暴发生后,当晕可以通过原子线冷却而有效地冷却时,就会产生双峰金属丰度分布。

英文摘要:

By definition, Population III stars are metal-free, and their protostellar collapse is driven by molecular hydrogen cooling in the gas-phase, leading to large characteristic masses. Population II stars with lower characteristic masses form when the star-forming gas reaches a critical metallicity of 10^{-6} - 10^{-3.5} Z_\odot. We present an adaptive mesh refinement radiation hydrodynamics simulation that follows the transition from Population III to II star formation. The maximum spatial resolution of 1 comoving parsec allows for individual molecular clouds to be well-resolved and their stellar associations to be studied in detail. We model stellar radiative feedback with adaptive ray tracing. A top-heavy initial mass function for the Population III stars is considered, resulting in a plausible distribution of pair-instability supernovae and associated metal enrichment. We find that the gas fraction recovers from 5 percent to nearly the cosmic fraction in halos with merger histories rich in halos above 10^7 solar masses. A single pair-instability supernova is sufficient to enrich the host halo to a metallicity floor of 10^{-3} Z_\odot and to transition to Population II star formation. This provides a natural explanation for the observed floor on damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems metallicities reported in the literature, which is of this order. We find that stellar metallicities do not necessarily trace stellar ages, as mergers of halos with established stellar populations can create superpositions of t-Z evolutionary tracks. A bimodal metallicity distribution is created after a starburst occurs when the halo can cool efficiently through atomic line cooling.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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