Fermat五次方程中实Lagrange算子的Floer上同调
Floer cohomology of real Lagrangians in the Fermat quintic threefold
摘要：
设X是三次费马五次曲线。实解集L构成X的一个拉格朗日子流形。将X的齐次坐标乘以不同的五次单位根得到X的自同构; L在这些自同构下的像定义了一个由625个不同的拉格朗日子流形组成的族，称为实拉格朗日。在本文中，我们试图计算所有对这些拉格朗日之间的Floer上同调。我们能够完成大部分计算，但有几种情况我们不能做。其基本思想是显式地描述一些低能模空间，然后利用这些知识计算Floer上同调的标准谱序列在E_2页上的微分。事实证明，这通常足以完全计算上同调。几种技术的发展，以帮助描述这些低能量模空间，包括公式的马斯洛夫指数，公式的障碍丛，以及一种方法，涉及全纯条和光盘全纯球。拉格朗日量的真实性质对于这些技术的发展至关重要。
英文摘要：
Let X be the Fermat quintic threefold. The set of real solutions L forms a Lagrangian submanifold of X. Multiplying the homogeneous coordinates of X by various fifth roots of unity gives automorphisms of X; the images of L under these automorphisms defines a family of 625 different Lagrangian submanifolds, called real Lagrangians. In this paper we try to calculate the Floer cohomology between all pairs of these Lagrangians. We are able to complete most of the calculations, but there are a few cases we cannot do. The basic idea is to explicitly describe some low energy moduli spaces and then use this knowledge to calculate the differential on the E_2 page of the standard spectral sequence for Floer cohomology. It turns out that this is often enough to calculate the cohomology completely. Several techniques are developed to help describe these low energy moduli spaces, including a formula for the Maslov index, a formula for the obstruction bundle, and a way to relate holomorphic strips and discs to holomorphic spheres. The real nature of the Lagrangians is crucial for the development of these techniques.
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