变化环境中的微进化模型：进化准种和稀释冠军过程
Modeling microevolution in a changing environment: The evolving quasispecies and the Diluted Champion Process
摘要：
一些病原体利用进化性作为抵抗宿主获得性免疫的生存策略。尽管它们在时间上具有很高的变异性，但其中一些在任何给定时间的种群内都表现出相当低的变异性，这是一种通常被称为进化准种的自相矛盾的行为。在本文中，我们引入了一个进化病毒群体的简化模型，其中宿主获得性免疫的影响由相应病毒株适应度的降低来表示，具体取决于病毒群体中病毒株的频率。该模型在一定的参数范围内表现出准物种的演化行为，并提出了一种简单的反馈机制是如何诱导间断演化的。
英文摘要：
Several pathogens use evolvability as a survival strategy against acquired immunity of the host. Despite their high variability in time, some of them exhibit quite low variability within the population at any given time, a somehow paradoxical behavior often called the evolving quasispecies. In this paper we introduce a simplified model of an evolving viral population in which the effects of the acquired immunity of the host are represented by the decrease of the fitness of the corresponding viral strains, depending on the frequency of the strain in the viral population. The model exhibits evolving quasispecies behavior in a certain range of its parameters, ans suggests how punctuated evolution can be induced by a simple feedback mechanism.
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