模棱两可的红移
Ambiguous Red Shifts
摘要：
麦克斯韦方程组的单参数共形不变性允许电磁波的波长在传播时发生变化，即使在没有场的空间中也是如此。这在解释恒星红移时产生了歧义。实验，将确定组参数的值，从而消除歧义，提出。它们是基于对先锋10号和11号航天器研究中发现的异常频率偏移的分析，以及对E。L.之丘如果发现群参数不为零，哈勃的关系将不得不重新解释，时空度量将不得不改变。这些变换的宇宙学后果甚至更为广泛，因为它们虽然改变了频率，但并没有改变坎宁安和比亚林尼基-比鲁拉建立的经典场和量子电动力学场的能量和动量守恒定律。
英文摘要：
A one-parameter conformal invariance of Maxwell's equations allows the wavelengths of electromagnetic waves to change as they propagate, and do so even in otherwise field-free space. This produces an ambiguity in interpretations of stellar red shifts. Experiments that will determine the value of the group parameter, and thereby remove the ambiguity, are proposed. They are based on an analysis of the anomalous frequency shifts uncovered in the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft studies, and physical interpretation of an isomorphism discovered by E. L. Hill. If the group parameter is found to be non-zero, Hubble's relations will have to be reinterpreted and space-time metrics will have to be altered. The cosmological consequences of the transformations are even more extensive because, though they change frequencies, they do not alter the energy and momentum conservations laws of classical and quantum-electrodynamical fields established by Cunningham and by Bialynicki-Birula.
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