多通道多级频谱感知算法的吞吐量和冲突分析
Throughput and Collision Analysis of Multi-Channel Multi-Stage Spectrum Sensing Algorithms
摘要：
多阶段感知是一个新的概念，它是指将感知过程划分为多个连续阶段的一般频谱感知算法。感测阶段的数量和每个阶段的感测技术可以用于优化关于次要用户吞吐量和主要用户与次要用户之间的冲突概率的性能。到目前为止，多阶段感知对网络吞吐量和碰撞概率的影响，一个现实的网络模型是相对未探讨。因此，我们提出了第一个分析框架，使性能评估的不同的多信道多阶段频谱感知算法的主动频谱接入网络。我们的工作的贡献在于研究以下参数对性能的影响：感测阶段的数量，物理层感测技术和每个阶段的持续时间，单个和并行信道感测和访问，可用信道的数量，主要和次要用户流量，传入的次要用户流量的缓冲，以及MAC层感测算法。分析的性能指标包括平均次级用户吞吐量和主用户和次级用户之间的平均冲突概率。我们的研究结果表明，当主用户误检测的概率受到约束，多阶段的感知的性能，在大多数情况下，优于单阶段的感知。此外，在感知的第一阶段，延长信道观测时间可以大大降低冲突概率，同时保持吞吐量在可接受的水平。最后，在实际的主用户业务场景中，使用两个阶段的感测提供了次用户吞吐量和冲突概率之间的良好平衡，同时满足成功检测约束条件下的主动频谱接入通信。
英文摘要：
Multi-stage sensing is a novel concept that refers to a general class of spectrum sensing algorithms that divide the sensing process into a number of sequential stages. The number of sensing stages and the sensing technique per stage can be used to optimize performance with respect to secondary user throughput and the collision probability between primary and secondary users. So far, the impact of multi-stage sensing on network throughput and collision probability for a realistic network model is relatively unexplored. Therefore, we present the first analytical framework which enables performance evaluation of different multi-channel multi-stage spectrum sensing algorithms for Opportunistic Spectrum Access networks. The contribution of our work lies in studying the effect of the following parameters on performance: number of sensing stages, physical layer sensing techniques and durations per each stage, single and parallel channel sensing and access, number of available channels, primary and secondary user traffic, buffering of incoming secondary user traffic, as well as MAC layer sensing algorithms. Analyzed performance metrics include the average secondary user throughput and the average collision probability between primary and secondary users. Our results show that when the probability of primary user mis-detection is constrained, the performance of multi-stage sensing is, in most cases, superior to the single stage sensing counterpart. Besides, prolonged channel observation at the first stage of sensing decreases the collision probability considerably, while keeping the throughput at an acceptable level. Finally, in realistic primary user traffic scenarios, using two stages of sensing provides a good balance between secondary users throughput and collision probability while meeting successful detection constraints subjected by Opportunistic Spectrum Access communication.
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