锕系元素主极小区和形状同分异构极小区负宇称的低能形状振荡
Low energy shape oscillations of negative parity in the main and shape-isomeric minima in actinides
摘要：
本文研究了锕系元素第一和第二（同质异能态）极小值中负宇称的低能形状振荡。作为一个主要的工具，我们使用的唯象Woods-Saxon势与各种形状的变形。当考虑具有固定$K$量子数的振荡时，这允许包括各种多极的混合。声子的能量可以从具有微观-宏观能量和转动质量参数的集体哈密顿量中确定，或者从具有恒定质量参数的简化版本中确定。结果为$K^π=0^-$，$1^-$在第一个最小值是在一个合理的协议与实验数据，包括预测的E1跃迁的$K^π=2^-$能量系统高估。在第二个最小值中，与$^{240}$ Pu和$^{236}$ U的数据相比，我们计算的$K=$ 1，2能量被高估，而$K=0$能量则大了三倍或更多倍。这表明实验指定的$K=0$状态的非集体特征或模型在第二最小值中的严重缺陷。为了解决这个问题，需要更多的关于其他核的第二极小值中的$K=0$、$I^π=1^-$集体态的数据。
英文摘要：
We study low energy shape oscillations of negative parity in the first and second (isomeric) minima in actinides. As a main tool we use the phenomenological Woods-Saxon potential with a variety of shape deformations. This allows to include a mixing of various multipolarities when considering oscillations with a fixed $K$ quantum number. The phonon energies are determined either from the collective Hamiltonian with the microscopic-macrocopic energy and cranking mass parameters, or from its simplified version with the constant mass parameters. The results for $K^π=0^-$,$1^-$ in the first minima are in a reasonable agreement with experimental data, including predicted E1 transitions; the $K^π=2^-$ energies are systematically overestimated. In the second minimum, as compared to the data for $^{240}$Pu and $^{236}$U, our calculated $K=$1,2 energies are overestimated while the $K=0$ energies are three or more times too large. This signals either a non-collective character of the experimentally assigned $K=0$ states or a serious flaw of the model in the second minimum. More data on the $K=0$, $I^π=1^-$ collective states in the second minima of other nuclei are necessary to resolve this issue.
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