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arXiv 1009.2636astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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用同步辐射验证观测到的GRB瞬发光谱?

Reconciling observed GRB prompt spectra with synchrotron radiation ?

F. Daigne, Z. Bosnjak, Guillaume Dubus

摘要:

瞬发伽玛射线暴辐射通常被解释为来自内部冲击加速的高能电子的同步辐射。快速同步加速器冷却预测光谱峰值以下的光子指数为α =-3/2。这与观察到的中位数α \approx-1显着不同。我们量化逆康普顿和绝热冷却对α的影响,以了解这些过程是否可以调和的意见与同步加速器的起源。我们使用一个随时间变化的代码,下面的冲击动力学和电子能量损失。我们研究了α对模型参数的依赖性。当电子在Klein-Nishina区域中遭受IC损失时,达到-3/2和-1之间的斜率。这并不一定意味着在费米/LAT范围内有很强的IC分量,因为散射仅具有适度的效率。陡峭的斜率要求大部分(10-30%)的耗散能量给予小部分(<~1%)的电子,并且磁能密度部分保持较低(<~ 0.1%)。当绝热冷却与辐射冷却(略微快速冷却)相当时,可以以相对高的辐射效率(>50%)获得高达-2/3的α值。这需要在小半径和/或低磁场下的碰撞。修改标准快速冷却方案以考虑IC冷却自然会导致alpha高达-1。虽然所需的条件更难以达到,但略微快速的冷却也可以解释高达-2/3的α。大约20%的伽玛暴显示出斜率α>-2/3的光谱。这里没有研究的其他效应,例如电子分布中的热分量或由HE光子产生的电子对,可能会进一步影响α。尽管如此,大多数观察到的伽玛射线暴提示光谱可以与同步辐射源,约束温和的相对论性内部冲击的微观物理。

英文摘要:

(abridged)Prompt GRB emission is often interpreted as synchrotron radiation from high-energy electrons accelerated in internal shocks. Fast synchrotron cooling predicts that the photon index below the spectral peak is alpha=-3/2. This differs significantly from the observed median value alpha \approx -1. We quantify the influence of inverse Compton and adiabatic cooling on alpha to understand whether these processes can reconcile the observations with a synchrotron origin. We use a time-dependent code that follows both the shock dynamics and electron energy losses. We investigate the dependence of alpha on the parameters of the model. Slopes between -3/2 and -1 are reached when electrons suffer IC losses in the Klein-Nishina regime. This does not necessarily imply a strong IC component in the Fermi/LAT range because scatterings are only moderately efficient. Steep slopes require that a large fraction (10-30%) of the dissipated energy is given to a small fraction (<~1%) of the electrons and that the magnetic energy density fraction remains low (<~ 0.1%). Values of alpha up to -2/3 can be obtained with relatively high radiative efficiencies (>50%) when adiabatic cooling is comparable with radiative cooling (marginally fast cooling). This requires collisions at small radii and/or with low magnetic fields. Amending the standard fast cooling scenario to account for IC cooling naturally leads to alpha up to -1. Marginally fast cooling may also account for alpha up to -2/3, although the conditions required are more difficult to reach. About 20% of GRBs show spectra with slopes alpha>-2/3. Other effects, not investigated here, such as a thermal component in the electron distribution or pair production by HE photons may further affect alpha. Still, the majority of observed GRB prompt spectra can be reconciled with a synchrotron origin, constraining the microphysics of mildly relativistic internal shocks.

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