探路者试验台：探索在近红外中实现精确径向速度的技术
The Pathfinder Testbed: Exploring Techniques for Achieving Precision Radial Velocities in the Near-Infrared
摘要：
宾夕法尼亚州立大学的探路者是一个原型温暖的光纤馈电Echelle摄谱仪与夏威夷-1近红外探测器，已经证明了7-10米/秒的径向速度精度的综合阳光。Pathfinder试验台最初是为Gemini PRVS设计研究而设置的，旨在系统地探索在近红外区域实现高径向速度精度的挑战，以及测试这些校准挑战的可能解决方案。目前版本的Pathfinder具有R3中阶梯光栅，在光谱的Y、J或H波段提供R~ 50，000的分辨率。我们将讨论探路者在霍比埃伯利望远镜工程测试运行期间的天空性能，以及M矮星的速度观测结果。我们还将讨论我们探索的独特校准技术，如铀氖空心阴极灯，陷波滤波器和模态噪声抑制，以实现近红外高精度径向速度观测。探路者是冷却高分辨率近红外光谱仪的原型试验台前体，能够实现高径向速度精度，并发现中晚期M矮星周围的低质量行星。
英文摘要：
The Penn State Pathfinder is a prototype warm fiber-fed Echelle spectrograph with a Hawaii-1 NIR detector that has already demonstrated 7-10 m/s radial velocity precision on integrated sunlight. The Pathfinder testbed was initially setup for the Gemini PRVS design study to enable a systematic exploration of the challenges of achieving high radial velocity precision in the near-infrared, as well as to test possible solutions to these calibration challenges. The current version of the Pathfinder has an R3 echelle grating, and delivers a resolution of R~50,000 in the Y, J or H bands of the spectrum. We will discuss the on sky-performance of the Pathfinder during an engineering test run at the Hobby Eberly Telescope as well the results of velocity observations of M dwarfs. We will also discuss the unique calibration techniques we have explored, like Uranium-Neon hollow cathode lamps, notch filter, and modal noise mitigation to enable high precision radial velocity observation in the NIR. The Pathfinder is a prototype testbed precursor of a cooled high-resolution NIR spectrograph capable of high radial velocity precision and of finding low mass planets around mid-late M dwarfs.
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