类太阳振荡中阶梯光栅图的解释。离心畸变效应
On the interpretation of echelle diagrams for solar-like oscillations. Effect of centrifugal distortion
摘要：
这项工作的目的是确定缓慢到中等旋转的影响经常出现在太阳振荡光谱的规律。我们专注于著名的asteroseismic诊断阶梯图，研究如何旋转可能会修改的大，小间距的估计，以及模式的识别。我们用一个真实的例子来说明这项工作：类太阳恒星$η$ Bootis。建模考虑到旋转的平衡模型，通过有效的重力和振荡频率，通过微扰和非微扰计算的影响。我们比较了这两种类型的计算结果的上下文中的规则间距（如小间距和缩放小间距）和中阶梯图。我们表明，阶梯图的微扰方法仍然有效的旋转速度高达40-50公里/秒。我们发现，在太阳系恒星的旋转速度测量，理论振荡频率必须校正到第二阶的旋转速率，包括近简并效应。对于约16 km/S和更高的旋转速度，诊断大间距和模式识别通过阶梯图可以显着改变的旋转分裂模式的$m\neq0$组件的存在。我们发现，这些影响是可检测的，在所观察到的频率范围。旋转对小间距和缩放小间距的影响的分析表明，这些影响可以是表面效应的量级，甚至大于表面效应，通常是湍流、微观扩散等。我们表明，即使恒星自转速度很小，恒星变形也会显著影响标度间距（从10-15公里/秒），因此，当使用它们作为探测恒星内部深处的指示器时，必须小心。
英文摘要：
This work aims at determining the impact of slow to moderate rotation on the regular patterns often present in solar-like oscillation spectra. We focus on the well-known asteroseismic diagnostic echelle diagrams, examining how rotation may modify the estimates of the large and small spacings, as well as the identification of modes. We illustrate the work with a real case: the solar-like star $η$ Bootis. The modeling takes into account rotation effects on the equilibrium models through an effective gravity and on the oscillation frequencies through both perturbative and non-perturbative calculations. We compare the results of both type of calculations in the context of the regular spacings (like the small spacings and the scaled small spacings) and echelle diagrams. We show that for echelle diagrams the perturbative approach remains valid for rotational velocities up to 40-50 km/s. We show that for the rotational velocities measured in solar-like stars, theoretical oscillation frequencies must be corrected up to the second-order in terms of rotation rate, including near degeneracy effects. For rotational velocities of about 16 km/S and higher, diagnostics on large spacings and on modal identification through echelle diagrams can be significantly altered by the presence of the $m\neq0$ components of the rotationally split modes. We found these effects to be detectable in the observed frequency range. Analysis of the effects of rotation on small spacings and scaled small spacings reveals that these can be of the order of, or even larger than surface effects, typically turbulence, microscopic diffusion, etc. Furthermore, we show that scaled spacings are significantly affected by stellar distortion even for small stellar rotational velocities (from 10-15 km/s) and therefore some care must be taken when using them as indicators for probing deep stellar interiors.
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