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arXiv 1009.0010astro-ph.CO
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任意声速下暗能量的球形坍缩

Spherical collapse of dark energy with an arbitrary sound speed

Tobias Basse, Ole Eggers Bjaelde, Yvonne Y. Y. Wong

摘要:

我们考虑一种通用类型的暗能量流体,其特征在于一个恒定的状态方程参数w和声速cs,并研究了暗能量集群的宇宙结构形成的影响,使用球形坍缩模型。在此过程中,我们还详细讨论了线性区域中暗能量扰动的演化。我们发现,有限的声速引入到图片中必然会导致尺度依赖的暗能量集群,这反过来又影响了动力学的球形坍缩的尺度依赖的方式。与其他更传统的流体一样,我们可以为暗能量聚集定义一个金斯尺度,从而为通过引力相互作用感受到暗能量聚集效应的暗物质定义一个金斯质量M_J。对于质量M >> M_J的束缚天体(晕),暗能量成团效应最大。对于那些M << M_J的星系,暗能量成分是有效均匀的,它在这些结构形成中的作用被简化为它对哈勃膨胀率的影响。为了定量计算维里密度和线性外推的阈值密度,我们使用了一个准线性的方法,预计是有效的周围的牛仔裤质量。我们发现,在给定w和c_s的情况下,这些量与晕质量M之间存在一个有趣的依赖关系。这种依赖性对于位于M ~ M_J附近的质量是最强的。观察到这种M依赖性将是暗能量是动态的一个信号,也是对它的聚集性质的一个巨大飞跃。

英文摘要:

We consider a generic type of dark energy fluid, characterised by a constant equation of state parameter w and sound speed c_s, and investigate the impact of dark energy clustering on cosmic structure formation using the spherical collapse model. Along the way, we also discuss in detail the evolution of dark energy perturbations in the linear regime. We find that the introduction of a finite sound speed into the picture necessarily induces a scale-dependence in the dark energy clustering, which in turn affects the dynamics of the spherical collapse in a scale-dependent way. As with other, more conventional fluids, we can define a Jeans scale for the dark energy clustering, and hence a Jeans mass M_J for the dark matter which feels the effect of dark energy clustering via gravitational interactions. For bound objects (halos) with masses M >> M_J, the effect of dark energy clustering is maximal. For those with M << M_J, the dark energy component is effectively homogeneous, and its role in the formation of these structures is reduced to its effects on the Hubble expansion rate. To compute quantitatively the virial density and the linearly extrapolated threshold density, we use a quasi-linear approach which is expected to be valid up to around the Jeans mass. We find an interesting dependence of these quantities on the halo mass M, given some w and c_s. The dependence is the strongest for masses lying in the vicinity of M ~ M_J. Observing this M-dependence will be a tell-tale sign that dark energy is dynamic, and a great leap towards pinning down its clustering properties.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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