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arXiv 1007.4256astro-ph.HEastro-ph.IM
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超新星喷发物的光谱偏振特征

Spectropolarimetric Signatures of Clumpy Supernova Ejecta

K. T. Hole, D. Kasen, K. H. Nordsieck

摘要:

所有类型的超新星在早期都检测到了偏振现象,这表明这些系统是由某种形式的不对称性引起的,或者很快就会发展成某种形式的不对称性。此外,在超新星中检测到强烈的线偏振,暗示了光球层上方的化学不均匀性(“团块”),这可能反映了爆炸期间的流体动力学不稳定性。我们开发了一个快速、灵活、近似的半解析程序,用于模拟三维非均匀快速膨胀大气中的偏振线辐射转移。给定一系列的模型参数,代码生成随机集的团块在不断扩大的喷出物,并计算紧急线轮廓和斯托克斯参数为每个配置。这些配置的集合代表了各种主机几何形状和不同视角的效果。我们提出的结果,我们的调查模型的几何形状的第一部分,特别是团块的数量和大小(和填充因子的相关影响)的紧急光谱和斯托克斯参数的影响。我们的模拟表明,随机结块可以产生线偏振的范围内观察到的SNe Ia(~1-2%),以及Q-U环,经常看到在所有SNe。我们还开发了一种方法,将模拟结果与可靠的观测参数(例如线路中的最大偏振和偏振等效宽度)联系起来。我们的模型,结合分光偏振观测,可以约束超新星喷出物的3-D结构,并提供重要的洞察SN爆炸物理和其祖系统的性质。

英文摘要:

Polarization has been detected at early times for all types of supernova, indicating that such systems result from or quickly develop some form of asymmetry. In addition, the detection of strong line polarization in supernovae is suggestive of chemical inhomogeneities ("clumps") in the layers above the photosphere, which may reflect hydrodynamical instabilities during the explosion. We have developed a fast, flexible, approximate semi-analytic code for modeling polarized line radiative transfer within 3-D inhomogeneous rapidly-expanding atmospheres. Given a range of model parameters, the code generates random sets of clumps in the expanding ejecta and calculates the emergent line profile and Stokes parameters for each configuration. The ensemble of these configurations represents both the effects of various host geometries and of different viewing angles. We present results for the first part of our survey of model geometries, specifically the effects of the number and size of clumps (and the related effect of filling factor) on the emergent spectrum and Stokes parameters. Our simulations show that random clumpiness can produce line polarization in the range observed in SNe Ia (~1-2%), as well as the Q-U loops that are frequently seen in all SNe. We have also developed a method to connect the results of our simulations to robust observational parameters such as maximum polarization and polarized equivalent width in the line. Our models, in connection with spectropolarimetric observations, can constrain the 3-D structure of supernova ejecta and offer important insight into the SN explosion physics and the nature of their progenitor systems.

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