气体晃动、冷锋形成和金属再分布：作为定量试验事例的室女星系团
Gas sloshing, cold front formation, and metal redistribution: the Virgo cluster as a quantitative test case
摘要：
本文对室女星系团中小合并引起的气体晃动和随后冷锋的形成进行了流体动力学模拟。我们首次表明，晃动再现所观察到的冷锋定量的所有特征，我们建议在20千秒差距的室女座核西北第三冷锋。我们确定了几个新的功能典型的晃动冷锋，最重要的是一个大规模的亮度不对称。我们不仅可以在室女座中追踪到这些新特征，还可以在其他晃动的冷锋集群中追踪到这些新特征。通过比较合成观测和实际观测，我们估计最初的小合并事件发生在大约1.5 Gyr前，当时一个2-4 \times 10^13 M \odot的子星系团以100到400 kpc的距离通过室女座核心，在那里，较小的质量对应于较小的近心点距离，反之亦然。从合并的几何形状，我们得出目前的位置，令人不安的子集群是约1-2 Mpc的室女座核心的E。一个可能的候选人是M60。此外，我们量化的金属再分配的晃动，并讨论其重要性。我们验证，所需的子集群产生所观察到的冷锋可以完全冲压压力剥离到达室女座中心之前，并讨论了实现这一目标所需的条件。最后，我们证明了在~ 400 kpc的距离通过室女星系团的快星系的弓形激波也会引起晃动，并导致非常相似的冷锋结构。负责的星系将位于室女座中心以北约2 Mpc处。一个可能的候选人是M85。
英文摘要：
(abridged) We perform hydrodynamical simulations of minor-merger induced gas sloshing and the subsequent formation of cold fronts in the Virgo cluster. We show for the first time that sloshing reproduces all characteristics of the observed cold fronts quantitatively, and we suggest a third cold front at 20 kpc NW of the Virgo core. We identify several new features typical for sloshing cold fronts, most importantly a large-scale brightness asymmetry. We can trace these new features not only in Virgo, but also in other sloshing cold front clusters. By comparing synthetic and real observations, we estimate that the original minor merger event took place about 1.5 Gyr ago when a subcluster of 2-4 \times 10^13 M\odot passed the Virgo core at 100 to 400 kpc distance, where a smaller mass corresponds to a smaller pericentre distance, and vice versa. From the merger geometry, we derive the current location of the disturbing subcluster to be about 1-2 Mpc E of the Virgo core. A possible candidate is M60. Additionally, we quantify the metal redistribution by sloshing and discuss its importance. We verify that the subcluster required to produce the observed cold fronts could be completely ram pressure stripped before reaching the Virgo centre, and discuss the conditions required for this to be achieved. Finally, we demonstrate that the bow shock of a fast galaxy passing the Virgo cluster at ~ 400 kpc distance also causes sloshing and leads to very similar cold front structures. The responsible galaxy would be located about 2 Mpc north of the Virgo centre. A possible candidate is M85.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
