基于经验像素的不完全CTE校正。I. HST先进的测量相机
An Empirical Pixel-Based Correction for Imperfect CTE. I. HST's Advanced Camera for Surveys
摘要：
我们使用经验的方法来表征的电荷转移效率（CTE）的损失与先进的相机调查的宽场通道拍摄的图像的效果。这项研究是基于2009年9月至10月期间拍摄的168张黑暗曝光中的暖像素配置文件。黑暗的曝光使我们能够探索当背景极低时影响电子的电荷陷阱。我们开发了一个模型的读出过程中，再现观察到的痕迹到70个像素。然后，我们反转模型，将图像中观察到的像素值转换为原始像素值的估计值。我们发现，当我们将图像恢复过程应用于具有各种背景水平上的各种恒星的科学图像时，它可以恢复通量，位置和形状。这意味着观察到的尾迹基本上包含了由于低效CTE而损失的所有通量。空间望远镜科学研究所目前正在评估这一算法，目的是对其进行优化，并最终提供增强的数据产品。这里提出的经验程序也适用于其他时代（例如，SM 4之前），尽管当ACS在比当前-81 ℃更高的温度下操作时，可能必须重新计算参数。最后，这种经验方法也可能为其他文书带来希望，如WFPC 2、STIS、ACS的HRC，甚至WFC 3/UVIS。
英文摘要：
We use an empirical approach to characterize the effect of charge-transfer efficiency (CTE) losses in images taken with the Wide-Field Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys. The study is based on profiles of warm pixels in 168 dark exposures taken between September and October 2009. The dark exposures allow us to explore charge traps that affect electrons when the background is extremely low. We develop a model for the readout process that reproduces the observed trails out to 70 pixels. We then invert the model to convert the observed pixel values in an image into an estimate of the original pixel values. We find that when we apply the image-restoration process to science images with a variety of stars on a variety of background levels, it restores flux, position, and shape. This means that the observed trails contain essentially all of the flux lost to inefficient CTE. The Space Telescope Science Institute is currently evaluating this algorithm with the aim of optimizing it and eventually providing enhanced data products. The empirical procedure presented here should also work for other epochs (eg., pre-SM4), though the parameters may have to be recomputed for the time when ACS was operated at a higher temperature than the current -81 C. Finally, this empirical approach may also hold promise for other instruments, such as WFPC2, STIS, the ACS's HRC, and even WFC3/UVIS.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
