应用于放射治疗的质子从近临界密度靶的Laser加速
Laser acceleration of protons from near critical density targets for application to radiation therapy
摘要：
激光加速质子可以作为现有强子治疗设备的补充源，用于治疗肿瘤疾病。我们演示了如何质子，加速从近临界密度等离子体的激光脉冲具有相对较小的功率，达到的能量，这可能是感兴趣的医疗应用。当强激光脉冲与近临界密度等离子体相互作用时，在等离子体中形成了一个电子通道，进而在等离子体中形成了一个离子通道。激光脉冲通过这种自生通道的传播与激光脉冲尾流中电子的加速以及传播通道中强移动电场和磁场的产生有关。在离开等离子体时，磁场产生准静态电场，该准静态电场加速并准直来自在传播通道中形成的细丝的离子。二维Particle-in-Cell模拟表明，紧紧聚焦在近临界密度靶上的100 TW激光脉冲能够将质子加速到250 MeV的能量。在考虑激光脉冲能量损耗的情况下，建立了质子加速的标度律和最佳条件。
英文摘要：
Laser accelerated protons can be a complimentary source for treatment of oncological diseases to the existing hadron therapy facilities. We demonstrate how the protons, accelerated from near-critical density plasmas by laser pulses having relatively small power, reach energies which may be of interest for medical applications. When an intense laser pulse interacts with near-critical density plasma it makes a channel both in the electron and then in the ion density. The propagation of a laser pulse through such a self-generated channel is connected with the acceleration of electrons in the wake of a laser pulse and generation of strong moving electric and magnetic fields in the propagation channel. Upon exiting the plasma the magnetic field generates a quasi-static electric field that accelerates and collimates ions from a thin filament formed in the propagation channel. Two-dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations show that a 100 TW laser pulse tightly focused on a near-critical density target is able to accelerate protons up to energy of 250 MeV. Scaling laws and optimal conditions for proton acceleration are established considering the energy depletion of the laser pulse.
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