A Search for Lorentz Invariance and CPT Violation with the MINOS Far Detector
MINOS Collaboration, P. Adamson, D. J. Auty, D. S. Ayres, C. Backhouse, G. Barr, W. L. Barrett, M. Bishai, A. Blake, G. J. Bock, D. J. Boehnlein, D. Bogert, C. … 展开作者
MINOS Collaboration, P. Adamson, D. J. Auty, D. S. Ayres, C. Backhouse, G. Barr, W. L. Barrett, M. Bishai, A. Blake, G. J. Bock, D. J. Boehnlein, D. Bogert, C. Bower, S. Budd, S. Cavanaugh, D. Cherdack, S. Childress, B. C. Choudhary, J. A. B. Coelho, J. H. Cobb, S. J. Coleman, L. Corwin, J. P. Cravens, D. Cronin-Hennessy, I. Z. Danko, J. K. de Jong, N. E. Devenish, M. V. Diwan, M. Dorman, C. O. Escobar, J. J. Evans, E. Falk, G. J. Feldman, M. V. Frohne, H. R. Gallagher, R. A. Gomes, M. C. Goodman, P. Gouffon, R. Gran, N. Grant, K. Grzelak, A. Habig, D. Harris, P. G. Harris, J. Hartnell, R. Hatcher, A. Himmel, A. Holin, X. Huang, J. Hylen, J. Ilic, G. M. Irwin, Z. Isvan, D. E. Jaffe, C. James, D. Jensen, T. Kafka, S. M. S. Kasahara, G. Koizumi, S. Kopp, M. Kordosky, Z. Krahn, A. Kreymer, K. Lang, G. Lefeuvre, J. Ling, P. J. Litchfield, L. Loiacono, P. Lucas, W. A. Mann, M. L. Marshak, N. Mayer, A. M. McGowan, R. Mehdiyev, J. R. Meier, M. D. Messier, D. G. Michael, J. L. Miller, W. H. Miller, S. R. Mishra, J. Mitchell, C. D. Moore, L. Mualem, S. Mufson, J. Musser, D. Naples, J. K. Nelson, H. B. Newman, R. J. Nichol, W. P. Oliver, M. Orchanian, J. Paley, R. B. Patterson, T. Patzak, G. Pawloski, G. F. Pearce, R. Pittam, R. K. Plunkett, J. Ratchford, T. M. Raufer, B. Rebel, P. A. Rodrigues, C. Rosenfeld, H. A. Rubin, V. A. Ryabov, M. C. Sanchez, N. Saoulidou, J. Schneps, P. Schreiner, V. K. Semenov, P. Shanahan, W. Smart, A. Sousa, M. Strait, N. Tagg, R. L. Talaga, J. Thomas, M. A. Thomson, G. Tinti, R. Toner, G. Tzanakos, J. Urheim, P. Vahle, B. Viren, A. Weber, R. C. Webb, C. White, L. Whitehead, S. G. Wojcicki, D. M. Wright, T. Yang, M. Zois, R. Zwaska
We searched for a sidereal modulation in the MINOS far detector neutrino rate. Such a signal would be a consequence of Lorentz and CPT violation as described by the Standard-Model Extension framework. It also would be the first detection of a perturbative effect to conventional neutrino mass oscillations. We found no evidence for this sidereal signature and the upper limits placed on the magnitudes of the Lorentz and CPT violating coefficients describing the theory are an improvement by factors of $20-510$ over the current best limits found using the MINOS near detector.
Tests of Lorentz invariance violation and CPT Violation in neutrino oscillations are discussed. The sensitivity of current and future experiments is presented.
A search is presented for CPT-violating effects in the mixing of $B^0_s$ mesons using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The CPT-violating asymmetry in the decay $B^0_s \rightarrow μ^{\pm} D_s^{\mp} X$ as a function of sidereal phase is measured. No evidence for CPT-violating effects is observed and limits are placed on CPT- and Lorentz-invariance violating coupling coefficients.
A search for a sidereal modulation in the MINOS near detector neutrino data was performed. If present, this signature could be a consequence of Lorentz and CPT violation as predicted by a class of extensions to the Standard Model. No evidence for a sidereal signal in the data set was found, implying that there is no significant change in neutrino propagation that depends on the direction of the neutrino beam in a sun-centered inertial frame. Upper limits on the magnitudes of the Lorentz and CPT violating terms in these extensions to the Standard Model lie between 0.01-1% of the maximum expecte…
The status of Lorentz- and CPT-violation searches using measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is reviewed. Results from muon g-2 experiments have set the majority of the most stringent limits on Standard- Model Extension Lorentz and CPT violation in the muon sector. These limits are consistent with calculations of the level of Standard-Model Extension effects required to account for the current 3.7σ experiment-theory discrepancy in the muon's g-2. The prospects for the new Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab to improve upon these searches is presented.
The neutral kaon system offers a unique possibility to perform fundamental tests of CPT invariance. In this contribution the KLOE prospects for the measurements of CPT violation in the context of the Standard Model Extension are presented together with a full description of the analysis method needed and with the perspective given by the KLOE-2 data-taking campaign.
An overview of current experimental bounds on $CPT$ violation in neutral meson mixing is given. New values for the $CPT$ asymmetry in the $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems are deduced from published BaBar, Belle and LHCb results. With dedicated analyses, LHCb will be able to further improve the bounds on $CPT$ violation in the $D^0$, $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ systems. Since $CPT$ violation implies violation of Lorentz invariance in an interacting local quantum field theory, the observed $CPT$ asymmetry will exhibit sidereal- and boost-dependent variations. Such $CPT$-violating and Lorentz-violating effects ar…
Following a suggestion of Kostelecky et al. we have evaluated a test of CPT and Lorentz invariance from the microwave spectroscopy of muonium. Hamiltonian terms beyond the standard model violating CPT and Lorentz invariance would contribute frequency shifts $δν_{12}$ and $δν_{34}$ to $ν_{12}$ and $ν_{34}$, the two transitions involving muon spin flip, which were precisely measured in ground state muonium in a strong magnetic field of 1.7 T. The shifts would be indicated by anti-correlated oscillations in $ν_{12}$ and $ν_{34}$ at the earth's sidereal frequency. No time dependence was found in $…
Searches for Lorentz and CPT violation using neutrino oscillations and the prospects for future tests using neutrino time-of-flight measurements and beta-decay experiments are presented.
The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the $(g-2)$ storage ring has been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero $Δω_{a}$ (=$ω_{a}^{μ^{+}}-ω_{a}^{μ^{-}}$); and a sidereal variation of $ω_{a}^{μ^{\pm}}$. No significant effect is found, and the following limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: $b_{Z} =-(1.0 \pm 1.1)\times 10^{-23}$ GeV; $(m_μd_{Z0}+H_{XY}) = (1.8 \pm 6.0 \times 10^{-23})$ GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits $\check{b}_{\perp}^{μ^{+}}< 1.4 \times 10^{-24}$ GeV …
We investigate an alternative CPT-odd Lorentz-breaking QED which includes the Carroll-Field-Jackiw (CFJ) term of the Standard Model Extension (SME), writing the gauge sector in the action in a Palatini-like form, in which the vectorial field and the field-strength tensor are treated as independent entities. Interestingly, this naturally induces a Lorentz-violating mass term in the classical action. We study physical consistency aspects of the model both at classical and quantum levels.
We present two new measurements constraining Lorentz and CPT violation using the Xe-129 / He-3 Zeeman maser and atomic hydrogen masers. Experimental investigations of Lorentz and CPT symmetry provide important tests of the framework of the standard model of particle physics and theories of gravity. The two-species Xe-129 / He-3 Zeeman maser bounds violations of CPT and Lorentz symmetry of the neutron at the 10^-31 GeV level. Measurements with atomic hydrogen masers provide a clean limit of CPT and Lorentz symmetry violation of the proton at the 10^-27 GeV level.
We present a new measurement constraining Lorentz and CPT violation of the proton using a hydrogen maser double resonance technique. A search for hydrogen Zeeman frequency variations with a period of the sidereal day (23.93 h) sets a clean limit on violation of Lorentz and CPT symmetry of the proton at the 10^{-27} GeV level.
A class of calculable global models for neutrino oscillations based on Lorentz and CPT violation is presented. One simple example matches established neutrino data from accelerator, atmospheric, reactor, and solar experiments, using only two degrees of freedom instead of the usual five. A third degree of freedom appears in the model, and it naturally generates the MiniBooNE low-energy anomalies. More involved models in this class can also accommodate the LSND anomaly and neutrino-antineutrino differences of the MINOS type. The models predict some striking signals in various ongoing and future …
Deviations from Lorentz and CPT invariance in the neutrino sector and their observable effects in double beta decay are studied. For two-neutrino double beta decay, a spectral distortion and its properties are characterized for different isotopes. Majorana couplings for Lorentz violation are studied and shown to trigger neutrinoless double beta decay even for negligible Majorana mass. Existing data are used to obtain first limits of $5 \times 10^{-9}$ for 18 individual coefficients and attainable sensitivities in current and future experiments are presented.
Upon a suggestion of Kostelecky et al., we have performed a test of CPT and Lorentz invariance from the microwave spectroscopy of muonium. New terms in their standard model extension violating CPT and Lorentz symmetry would appear as anti-correlated frequency shifts, oscillating at the earth's sidereal frequency, in the two ground state hyperfine transitions involving muon spin flip, $ν_{12}$ and $ν_{34}$, which were measured in a strong magnetic field of 1.7 T. No such time dependence was observed in $ν_{12}$ or $ν_{34}$ at the level of 20 Hz, limiting the size of some CPT and Lorentz violati…
We report results of a search for CPT and Lorentz violation in B0-B0bar oscillations using inclusive dilepton events from 232 million Y(4S) --> BBbar decays recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B Factory at SLAC. We find 2.8sigma significance, compatible with no signal, for variations in the complex CPT violation parameter z at the Earth's sidereal frequency and extract values for the quantities Δ(a_μ) in the general Lorentz-violating standard-model extension. The spectral powers for variations in z over the frequency range 0.26/year to 2.1/day are also compatible with no signal.
We present the first search for CPT-violating effects in the mixing of ${B_s^0}$ mesons using the full Run II data set with an integrated luminosity of 10.4 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-antiproton collisions collected using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We measure the CPT-violating asymmetry in the decay $B_s^0 \to μ^\pm D_s^\pm$ as a function of celestial direction and sidereal phase. We find no evidence for CPT-violating effects and place limits on the direction and magnitude of flavor-dependent CPT- and Lorentz-invariance violating coupling coefficients. We find 95\% confidence …
A search for sidereal variations in the frequency difference between co-located 129-Xe and 3-He Zeeman masers sets the most stringent limit to date on leading-order Lorentz and CPT violation involving the neutron, consistent with no effect at the level of 10^{-31} GeV.
This article discusses tests of CPT and Lorentz invariance with data from the muon g-2 experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. According to an extension of the Standard Model by Kostelecky et al., CPT/Lorentz violating terms in the Lagrangian induce a shift of the anomaly frequency omega_a of muons in a magnetic field. This shift is predicted to be different for positive and negative muons and to oscillate with the Earth's sidereal frequency. We discuss the sensitivity of the g-2 experiment to different parameters of this Standard Model extension and propose an analysis method to search …
We present two new measurements constraining Lorentz and CPT violation using the Xe-129 / He-3 Zeeman maser and atomic hydrogen masers. Experimental investigations of Lorentz and CPT symmetry provide important tests of the framework of the standard model of particle physics and theories of gravity. The two-species Xe-129 / He-3 Zeeman maser bounds violations of CPT and Lorentz symmetry of the neutron at the 10^-31 GeV level. Measurements with atomic hydrogen masers provide a clean limit of CPT and Lorentz symmetry violation of the proton at the 10^-27 GeV level.
A search for an annual variation of a daily sidereal modulation of the frequency difference between co-located ${}^{129}$Xe and ${}^{3}$He Zeeman masers sets a stringent limit on boost-dependent Lorentz and CPT violation involving the neutron, consistent with no effect at the level of 150 nHz. In the framework of the general Standard-Model Extension, the present result provides the first clean test for the fermion sector of the symmetry of spacetime under boost transformations at a level of $10^{-27}$ GeV.
