正宇宙学常数与量子理论
Positive Cosmological Constant and Quantum Theory
摘要：
我们认为，量子理论不应该从时空背景出发，而应该从李代数出发，李代数被视为对称代数。那么，宇宙学常数为正的事实并不意味着时空背景是弯曲的，而是意味着作为对称代数的德西特（dS）代数比庞加莱或反德西特代数更相关。dS代数的不可约表示（IR）的物理解释与其他两个代数的不可约表示有很大的不同。只有当庞加莱近似具有高精度时，dS代数的一个IR才分裂为粒子及其反粒子的独立IR。只有在这种情况下，附加的量子数，如电荷，重子和轻子电荷是守恒的，而在宇宙的早期阶段，它们不能守恒。dS代数的IR的另一个性质是只有费米子可以是基本的，不可能有中性基本粒子。在准经典近似下，宇宙排斥是量子水平上dS对称性的一个简单的运动学结果。因此，宇宙学常数的问题并不存在，也没有必要涉及暗能量或其他领域来解释这一现象（与Bianchi和Rovelli的类似结论一致）。
英文摘要：
We argue that quantum theory should proceed not from a spacetime background but from a Lie algebra, which is treated as a symmetry algebra. Then the fact that the cosmological constant is positive means not that the spacetime background is curved but that the de Sitter (dS) algebra as the symmetry algebra is more relevant than the Poincare or anti de Sitter ones. The physical interpretation of irreducible representations (IRs) of the dS algebra is considerably different from that for the other two algebras. One IR of the dS algebra splits into independent IRs for a particle and its antiparticle only when Poincare approximation works with a high accuracy. Only in this case additive quantum numbers such as electric, baryon and lepton charges are conserved, while at early stages of the Universe they could not be conserved. Another property of IRs of the dS algebra is that only fermions can be elementary and there can be no neutral elementary particles. The cosmological repulsion is a simple kinematical consequence of dS symmetry on quantum level when quasiclassical approximation is valid. Therefore the cosmological constant problem does not exist and there is no need to involve dark energy or other fields for explaining this phenomenon (in agreement with a similar conclusion by Bianchi and Rovelli).
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