质子深度剂量模拟中与物理相关的认识不确定性
Physics-related epistemic uncertainties in proton depth dose simulation
摘要：
一组物理模型和参数有关的质子能量沉积在物质中的模拟进行评估的能量范围高达约65兆电子伏，基于其实施的Geant 4工具包。分析评估模型的几个特点和它们相关的认知不确定性，即由于缺乏知识的不确定性，对模拟结果的影响。这种不确定性可能产生的系统效应被强调;它们与应用环境和不同实验要求的相关性被讨论，重点是放射治疗装置的模拟。通过定量记录的功能广泛的模拟模型和相关的固有的不确定性影响模拟结果，这种分析提供了指导有关的模拟工具在实验应用中的使用，它也提供了进一步的实验测量解决这种不确定性的来源的指示。
英文摘要：
A set of physics models and parameters pertaining to the simulation of proton energy deposition in matter are evaluated in the energy range up to approximately 65 MeV, based on their implementations in the Geant4 toolkit. The analysis assesses several features of the models and the impact of their associated epistemic uncertainties, i.e. uncertainties due to lack of knowledge, on the simulation results. Possible systematic effects deriving from uncertainties of this kind are highlighted; their relevance in relation to the application environment and different experimental requirements are discussed, with emphasis on the simulation of radiotherapy set-ups. By documenting quantitatively the features of a wide set of simulation models and the related intrinsic uncertainties affecting the simulation results, this analysis provides guidance regarding the use of the concerned simulation tools in experimental applications; it also provides indications for further experimental measurements addressing the sources of such uncertainties.
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