用KIS/IAA可见光成像偏振仪进行太阳二维偏振光谱测量
Two-dimensional solar spectropolarimetry with the KIS/IAA Visible Imaging Polarimeter
摘要：
高空间和光谱分辨率的偏振光谱测量是表征太阳大气磁特性的基本工具。我们介绍了KIS/IAA可见光成像偏振仪（VIP），一种新的聚焦后仪器，它将德国VTT的TESOS光谱仪升级为全矢量偏振仪。VIP是KIS和IAA之间的合作项目。我们描述了VIP的光学设置，数据采集程序，和光谱偏振测量的校准。我们展示了2005年至2008年之间的数据的例子，以说明该工具的潜力。VIP能够测量420~700 nm范围内谱线的四个斯托克斯轮廓，空间分辨率优于0.5 "。可以在60 s内在40个波长位置对线进行采样，实现约2 x 10E-3的噪声水平，曝光时间为300 ms，像素大小为0.17 "x 0.17"（2 x 2合并）。偏振调制在几天内是稳定的，确保了高偏振精度。TESOS出色的光谱分辨率允许使用复杂的数据分析技术，如斯托克斯反演。这里提出的VIP的第一个科学结果之一是，网络的带状磁性结构与远离磁盘中心的净圆极化的独特模式有关。VIP进行太阳磁场的分光偏振测量，其空间分辨率仅略差于Hinode分光偏振计，同时提供二维视场，并有可能以高节奏连续观察多达四个光谱区域。VIP可以作为独立的仪器使用，也可以与VTT的其他分光偏振仪和成像系统结合使用，以扩展波长覆盖范围。
英文摘要：
Spectropolarimetry at high spatial and spectral resolution is a basic tool to characterize the magnetic properties of the solar atmosphere. We introduce the KIS/IAA Visible Imaging Polarimeter (VIP), a new post-focus instrument that upgrades the TESOS spectrometer at the German VTT into a full vector polarimeter. VIP is a collaboration between the KIS and the IAA. We describe the optical setup of VIP, the data acquisition procedure, and the calibration of the spectropolarimetric measurements. We show examples of data taken between 2005 and 2008 to illustrate the potential of the instrument. VIP is capable of measuring the four Stokes profiles of spectral lines in the range from 420 to 700 nm with a spatial resolution better than 0.5". Lines can be sampled at 40 wavelength positions in 60 s, achieving a noise level of about 2 x 10E-3 with exposure times of 300 ms and pixel sizes of 0.17" x 0.17" (2 x 2 binning). The polarization modulation is stable over periods of a few days, ensuring high polarimetric accuracy. The excellent spectral resolution of TESOS allows the use of sophisticated data analysis techniques such as Stokes inversions. One of the first scientific results of VIP presented here is that the ribbon-like magnetic structures of the network are associated with a distinct pattern of net circular polarization away from disk center. VIP performs spectropolarimetric measurements of solar magnetic fields at a spatial resolution that is only slightly worse than that of the Hinode spectropolarimeter, while providing a 2D field field of view and the possibility to observe up to four spectral regions sequentially with high cadence. VIP can be used as a stand-alone instrument or in combination with other spectropolarimeters and imaging systems of the VTT for extended wavelength coverage.
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