公平是劳动力自由市场涌现的自组织属性
Fairness Is an Emergent Self-Organized Property of the Free Market for Labor
摘要：
近年来，美国公司CEO的薪酬过高，使经济学中的公平问题凸显出来。传统观点认为，决定工资待遇的自由劳动力市场只关心效率，而不关心公平。我们提出了另一种理论，表明一个理想的自由市场环境也促进公平，作为一个新兴的财产所产生的自组织市场动态。即使个别雇员可能只关心他或她的工资，而不关心其他人的工资，但在预算限制下的自由市场环境中，所有雇员的集体行动，加上所有公司的利润最大化行动，在亚当·斯密的自组织无形之手的指导下，导致工资分配更加公平。通过探索与统计热力学的深层联系，我们表明，熵是公平的适当措施，在一个自由市场环境中，这是最大限度地在平衡产生对数正态分布的工资作为最公平的薪酬不平等的组织在理想条件下。
英文摘要：
The excessive compensation packages of CEOs of U.S. corporations in recent years have brought to the foreground the issue of fairness in economics. The conventional wisdom is that the free market for labor, which determines the pay packages, cares only about efficiency and not fairness. We present an alternative theory that shows that an ideal free market environment also promotes fairness, as an emergent property resulting from the self-organizing market dynamics. Even though an individual employee may care only about his or her salary and no one else's, the collective actions of all the employees, combined with the profit maximizing actions of all the companies, in a free market environment under budgetary constraints, lead towards a more fair allocation of wages, guided by Adam Smith's invisible hand of self-organization. By exploring deep connections with statistical thermodynamics, we show that entropy is the appropriate measure of fairness in a free market environment which is maximized at equilibrium to yield the lognormal distribution of salaries as the fairest inequality of pay in an organization under ideal conditions.
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