拱门星团中的彗星--在星爆环境中的生存
Disks in the Arches cluster -- survival in a starburst environment
摘要：
Deep Keck/NIRC 2 HK 'L对银河系中心附近的拱门星团的观测揭示了大量的近红外多余源。本文首次将L ′-波段多余源观测与K ′-波段自行观测相结合，确定了星暴星系团中多余源的星系团成员。磁场污染的强大去除提供了一个可靠的磁盘分数下降到我们的完整性限制H=19等，或约5 Msun在拱门的距离。在24个K '-L' > 2.0等的源中，有21个有可靠的自行测量，它们都是拱星团的自行成员。VLT/SINFONI K '带光谱的三个多余的来源揭示了强大的CO带头发射，我们解释为密集的拱星盘的签名。从拱星中检测到强烈的盘发射是令人惊讶的，因为盘中B型主序星的质量很高，而且处于强烈的星暴环境中。我们发现在拱星团的B型恒星中，盘的比例为6 +/- 2%。径向增加的磁盘分数从3%到10%，表明快速磁盘的破坏，在紧邻的许多O型恒星在星团核心。拱和其他高质量和低质量恒星形成区域之间的比较提供了强有力的证据，表明在紧凑的星爆星团中，磁盘的消耗比在中等的恒星形成环境中要快得多。
英文摘要：
Deep Keck/NIRC2 HK'L' observations of the Arches cluster near the Galactic center reveal a significant population of near-infrared excess sources. We combine the L'-band excess observations with K'-band proper motions, to confirm cluster membership of excess sources in a starburst cluster for the first time. The robust removal of field contamination provides a reliable disk fraction down to our completeness limit of H=19 mag, or about 5 Msun at the distance of the Arches. Of the 24 identified sources with K'-L' > 2.0 mag, 21 have reliable proper motion measurements, all of which are proper motion members of the Arches cluster. VLT/SINFONI K'-band spectroscopy of three excess sources reveals strong CO bandhead emission, which we interpret as the signature of dense circumstellar disks. The detection of strong disk emission from the Arches stars is surprising in view of the high mass of the B-type main sequence host stars of the disks and the intense starburst environment. We find a disk fraction of 6 +/- 2% among B-type stars in the Arches cluster. A radial increase in the disk fraction from 3 to 10% suggests rapid disk destruction in the immediate vicinity of numerous O-type stars in the cluster core. A comparison between the Arches and other high- and low-mass star-forming regions provides strong indication that disk depletion is significantly more rapid in compact starburst clusters than in moderate star-forming environments.
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