稀玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中巨涡旋的稳定和抽运
Stabilization and pumping of giant vortices in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
摘要：
最近的研究表明，通过周期性地向凝聚体中注入涡量，可以在稀释的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中产生具有任意大量子数的巨涡。然而，多重量子化的涡旋在非旋转凝聚体中是典型的动态不稳定的，这对涡旋泵过程提出了严峻的挑战。在这个理论研究中，我们研究了如何通过沿涡核施加高斯势峰来稳定巨涡。我们发现，实现动力学稳定性是可行的高量子数。为了证明稳定化方法的有效性，我们模拟了一个未分裂的20-量子涡旋与涡旋泵的绝热创建。
英文摘要：
Recently, it was shown that giant vortices with arbitrarily large quantum numbers can possibly be created in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates by cyclically pumping vorticity into the condensate. However, multiply quantized vortices are typically dynamically unstable in harmonically trapped nonrotated condensates, which poses a serious challenge to the vortex pump procedure. In this theoretical study, we investigate how the giant vortices can be stabilized by the application of a Gaussian potential peak along the vortex core. We find that achieving dynamical stability is feasible up to high quantum numbers. To demonstrate the efficiency of the stabilization method, we simulate the adiabatic creation of an unsplit 20-quantum vortex with the vortex pump.
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