使用统计力学确定空间梯度感测的准确性
Determining the accuracy of spatial gradient sensing using statistical mechanics
摘要：
许多真核细胞能够通过直接测量空间浓度差来感知化学梯度。这种梯度感测的精度受到扩散颗粒与细胞表面上的特定受体结合的波动的限制。在这里，我们探索的空间传感机制的物理限制，通过建模的趋化细胞作为一个伊辛自旋链受到空间变化的领域。这使我们能够得到梯度参数的最大似然估计以及其渐近不确定性的明确表达式。准确性随着细胞的大小而增加，并且我们的结果表明，通过在相邻受体之间引入非零协同性，可以进一步提高这种准确性。因此，与最近的实验数据一致，小细菌可以进行梯度的空间测量。
英文摘要：
Many eukaryotic cells are able to sense chemical gradients by directly measuring spatial concentration differences. The precision of such gradient sensing is limited by fluctuations in the binding of diffusing particles to specific receptors on the cell surface. Here, we explore the physical limits of the spatial sensing mechanism by modeling the chemotactic cell as an Ising spin chain subject to a spatially varying field. This allows us to derive the maximum likelihood estimators of the gradient parameters as well as explicit expressions for their asymptotic uncertainties. The accuracy increases with the cell's size and our results demonstrate that this accuracy be further increased by introducing a non-zero cooperativity between neighboring receptors. Thus, consistent with recent experimental data, it is possible for small bacteria to perform spatial measurements of gradients.
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