叶脉形成过程中生长素诱导的PIN蛋白极性分布的定量预测
Quantitative predictions on auxin-induced polar distribution of PIN proteins during vein formation in leaves
摘要：
植物激素生长素及其外排促进剂PIN蛋白的动态模式是植物发育时空组织的关键调节因子。特别是生长素诱导其自身的外排促进剂的极性定位。由于这种正反馈，生长素流被引导，生长素和PIN的模式出现。在叶脉发生的最早阶段，生长素积累在表皮细胞边缘的单个细胞中，并从该细胞流入叶片的基本分生组织。在那里，局部生长素供应产生了沿着一串细胞的PIN分布的连续极化。我们模拟生长素和PIN动力学细胞内的最小渠道模型。通过解析求解该模型，我们发现了一个可激发的极化前沿，它触发了细胞中PIN蛋白的极性分布。由于极化前沿可能会从其起始位点延伸到相反的方向，我们提出了一个可能的解决方案，令人费解的双极细胞的发生，这样我们提供了一个解释的发展封闭，环状静脉。采用非线性分析，我们确定的作用，在极化过程中的微观过程。此外，我们推导出定量预测的极化战线建立一条路线，以确定到目前为止在很大程度上未知的动力学速率的生长素和PIN动力学。
英文摘要：
The dynamic patterning of the plant hormone auxin and its efflux facilitator the PIN protein are the key regulator for the spatial and temporal organization of plant development. In particular auxin induces the polar localization of its own efflux facilitator. Due to this positive feedback auxin flow is directed and patterns of auxin and PIN arise. During the earliest stage of vein initiation in leaves auxin accumulates in a single cell in a rim of epidermal cells from which it flows into the ground meristem tissue of the leaf blade. There the localized auxin supply yields the successive polarization of PIN distribution along a strand of cells. We model the auxin and PIN dynamics within cells with a minimal canalization model. Solving the model analytically we uncover an excitable polarization front that triggers a polar distribution of PIN proteins in cells. As polarization fronts may extend to opposing directions from their initiation site we suggest a possible resolution to the puzzling occurrence of bipolar cells, such we offer an explanation for the development of closed, looped veins. Employing non-linear analysis we identify the role of the contributing microscopic processes during polarization. Furthermore, we deduce quantitative predictions on polarization fronts establishing a route to determine the up to now largely unknown kinetic rates of auxin and PIN dynamics.
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