Laser加速至PeV感受真空质感
Laser Acceleration toward PeV Feeling the Texture of Vacuum
摘要：
确定了激光、等离子体和加速器技术的一组大致参数，这些参数是针对达到PeV高的加速电子能量定义的。这些参数是从控制激光加速物理学的标度定律中分离出来的，近年来在理论上提出并在很大范围内进行了实验探索。我们将这些知识外推到PeV能量。在10^16 cm^-3量级的密度范围内，可以考虑将现有的NIF（或LMJ）激光器或其扩展激光器用于适当的改装。虽然发光的野心没有追求，这种能量本身可能会让我们开始感受和研究“真空结构”的物理学。这是一个不需要光度范式的基础物理探索的例子。通过将具有极端能量的加速电子转换为类似能量的伽马光子，并让它们在足够的距离内通过真空传播，这些极高能量（因此波长短）的光子经历最小的真空结构和波动。如果我们能够测量到达时间差，从而测量伽马光子速度作为不同能量的函数，例如0.1 PeV与1 PeV，比方说在阿秒精度内，我们就可以收集有价值的数据，如果伽马光子仍然遵守相对论的前提，或者真空结构开始改变这些基本原理。目前研究这个问题的唯一方法可能是研究原始伽马射线暴（GRB）的天体物理数据，并与目前建议的方法进行比较。
英文摘要：
Identified is a set of ballpark parameters for laser, plasma, and accelerator technologies that are defined for accelerated electron energies reaching as high as PeV. These parameters are carved out from the scaling laws that govern the physics of laser acceleration, theoretically suggested and experimentally explored over a wide range in the recent years. We extrapolate this knowledge toward PeV energies. In the density regime on the order of 10^16 cm^-3, it is possible to consider the application of the existing NIF (or LMJ) or its extended lasers to their appropriate retrofitting for this purpose. Although the ambition of luminosity is not pursued, such energies by themselves may allow us to begin to feel and study the physics of the 'texture of vacuum'. This is an example of fundamental physics exploration without the need of luminosity paradigm. By converting accelerated electrons with extreme energies to like energy gamma photons, and let them propagate through vacuum over a sufficient distance, these extremely high energy (and therefore short wavelength) photons experience smallest vacuum structures and fluctuations. If we can measure the arrival time differential and thus the gamma photon speed as a function of different energies such as 0.1 PeV vs 1 PeV, say within attoseconds accuracy, we can collect valuable data if and how gamma photons still obeys the premise of relativity or the vacuum texture begins to alter such fundamentals. The only method currently available to look at this problem may be to study astrophysical data of the primordial gamma ray bursts (GRBs), which are compared with the presently suggested approach.
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