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arXiv 1005.2659astro-ph.GA
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从红巨星谱学研究球状星团第一代和第二代恒星中的氦

Helium in first and second-generation stars in Globular Clusters from spectroscopy of red giants

Angela Bragaglia, Eugenio Carretta, Raffaele Gratton, Valentina D'Orazi, Santi Cassisi, Sara Lucatello

摘要:

最近的光谱和光度观测表明,GC中存在着不同世代的恒星,它们在高温下燃烧H的产物丰度不同(主要的最终产物是He)。研究恒星性质与He含量之间的关系具有重要意义。在这里,我们考虑在19个银河系GC中用FLAMES@VLT观测到的红巨星分支(RGB)上的大约1400颗恒星,这是Na-O关系项目的一部分。具有不同He的恒星预计会有不同的温度(即颜色),稍微不同的[Fe/H],以及不同的RGB凸起亮度水平。所有这些差异都很小,但我们的研究具有必要的精度,良好的统计学和同质性来检测它们。我们还计算了合适的恒星模型(BaSTI)的初始氦含量的各种假设。可归因于He含量变化的可观测量的差异通常在原始(P,第一代)和极端(E,第二代)种群的恒星之间可检测到,但在原始和中间种群之间则不可检测到(I)。唯一的例外(P和I种群之间的差异也很显著)是NGC 2808,其中三个种群在主层序和水平分支上也被清楚地分开。P星和E星之间He质量分数Y的平均增强约为0.05-0.11,取决于假设。对于NGC 2808来说,P星和I星的Y值之差约为0.11-0.14,P星和E星的Y值之差约为0.15-0.19,这也取决于假设。第一代和第二代恒星的RGB凸点光度有不同的水平;隐含的Y差异更难以量化,但与其他测定结果一致。

英文摘要:

(abridged) Recent spectroscopic and photometric observations show the existence of various generations of stars in GCs, differing in the abundances of products of H-burning at high temperatures (the main final product being He). It is important to study the connections between stars properties and He content. We consider here the about 1400 stars on the Red Giant Branch (RGB) observed with FLAMES@VLT in 19 Galactic GCs, part of out Na-O anticorrelation projet. Stars with different He are expected to have different temperatures (i.e. colours), slightly different [Fe/H], and different luminosity levels of the RGB bump. All these differences are small, but our study has the necessary precision, good statistics, and homogeneity to detect them. We also computed suitable sets of stellar models (BaSTI) for various assumptions about the initial helium content. Differences in observable quantities that can be attributed to variations in He content are generally detectable between stars of the Primordial (P, first-generation) and Extreme (E, second-generation) populations, but not between the Primordial and Intermediate ones (I). The only exception (differences are significant also between P and I populations) is NGC2808, where three populations are clearly separated also on the Main Sequence and the Horizontal Branch. The average enhancement in the He mass fraction Y between P and E stars is about 0.05-0.11, depending on the assumptions. The differences in Y, for NGC2808 alone, are about 0.11-0.14 between P and I stars, and about 0.15-0.19 between P and E stars, again depending on the assumptions. The RGB bump luminosity of first and second-generation stars has different levels; the implied Y difference is more difficult to quantify, but is in agreement with the other determinations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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