玻璃化转变的八级镶嵌结构理论与大分子运动
Eight-order mosaic structure theory of the glass transition and macromolecular motion
摘要：
提出了一个普遍的理论框架，即从Tg到Tm的整个温度范围内的固-液玻璃化转变和大分子运动以及液体流动完全由激发界面形成的8级瞬态二维镶嵌几何结构决定。界面激发是交叉耦合电子对，这归因于任意温度下任意随机体系中存在的具有二维自回避闭合环的范德华排斥电子-电子对。界面激发态是具有8阶附加回复力矩、8阶弛豫时间、量子化能量和额外体积的矢量。慢逆叶栅的动力学过程产生8阶势环流，快逆叶栅的动力学过程使结构发生重排。离域模沿测地线的8阶为孤立波。孤立波是由逆叶栅与叶栅之间的平衡而产生的。升高温度只会增加逆叶栅和叶栅的数目。该模型提供了一个统一的机制来解释ripplon，reption，Boson peak，伊辛模型，非遍历，自由体积，硬球，隧穿，笼，压缩团簇，堵塞行为，破缺固体晶格，几何挫折，势能景观，流动渗透，热无序诱导的局域能，沿一个方向的平均合作迁移能量，临界纠缠链长度和雷诺数。孤立波，流体力学中异宿轨道。该模型还直接导出了Lindemann比、著名的纠缠大分子粘度的3.4次方定律和著名的WLF方程，并指出热力学中控制所有一级相变的Clapeyron方程只适用于每个子系统，而不适用于处于玻璃化转变的体系。
英文摘要：
A universal theoretical framework has been proposed that the solid-to-liquid glass transition and macromolecular motion within the entire temperature range from Tg to Tm and the liquid flow are absolutely determined by the intrinsic 8 orders of transient 2-D mosaic geometric structures formed by exciting interfaces. Interface excitations are cross-coupled electron pairs, which attribute to the Van der Waals repulsion electron-electron pairs with 2-D self-avoiding closed loops existing in any random system at any temperature. An interface excitation state is a vector with 8 orders of additional restoring torque, 8 orders of relaxation times, quantized energies and extra volumes. Dynamics occurred by the slow inverse cascade generates the 8 orders of potential loop-flows while the fast cascade rearranges the structure. The delocalization mode is solitary wave along the 8 orders of geodesic. Solitary wave is derived from the balance between inverse cascade and cascade. Increasing temperature only increases the number of inverse cascade and cascade. This model provides a unified mechanism to interpret ripplon, reptation, Boson peak, Ising model, non-ergodic, free volume, hard-sphere, tunneling, cage, compacting cluster, jamming behaviors, breaking solid lattice, geometrical frustration, potential energy landscape, flow-percolation, thermo-disorder-induced localized energy, average energy of cooperative migration along one direction, critical entanglement chain length, and Reynolds number, solitary wave, heteroclinic orbit in hydrodynamics. This model also directly deduces the Lindemann ratio, the famous 3.4 power law of viscosity of entangled macromolecules and the well-known WLF equation and shows that the Clapeyron equation governing all first order phase transitions in thermodynamics only holds true in each subsystem, instead of the system in glass transition.
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