SU中的液相（3）手征微扰理论：奇异手征核子液滴与普通手征重核液滴
Liquid Phases in SU(3) Chiral Perturbation Theory: Drops of Strange Chiral Nucleon Liquid & Ordinary Chiral Heavy Nuclear Liquid
摘要：
手征SU（3）微扰理论（SU3XPT）认为强子是低密度和低温度下强相互作用物质的基石。我们证明了在零外压下，它允许两种具有明确表面的手征核子液相共存：1）普通的微观手征重核液滴（XNL）和2）一种新的具有微观和宏观液滴尺寸的奇异手征核子液滴（SXNL）。XNL和SXNL的液滴同时是SU 3XPT半经典运动方程的解，并服从所有相关的CVC和PCAC方程。轴向矢量电流在SXNL的宏观滴内是守恒的，SXNL是一种新形式的重子物质，具有零电荷密度，本质上是"暗"的。所有SU 3XPT系数的数值被用来拟合电流散射实验和普通XNL滴（与普通偶偶自旋零球形闭壳层核的基态相同）。然后SXNL也出现（即没有新的可调参数）。对于某些SU 3XPT系数，SXNL的有限微观和宏观滴可能是核子集合的基态：普通重核可能是亚稳态的，而SXNL的海洋可能会迫使中子星状态方程发生定性和实验上可观察到的变化。
英文摘要：
Chiral SU(3) Perturbation Theory (SU3XPT) identifies hadrons as the building blocks of strongly interacting matter at low densities and temperatures. We show that it admits two co-existing chiral nucleon liquid phases at zero external pressure with well-defined surfaces: 1) ordinary microscopic chiral heavy nuclear liquid drops (XNL) and 2) a new Strange Chiral Nucleon Liquid (SXNL) phase with both microscopic and macroscopic drop sizes. Liquid drops of both XNL and SXNL are simultaneously solutions to the SU3XPT semi-classical equations of motion and obey all relevant CVC and PCAC equations. Axial-vector currents are conserved inside macroscopic drops of SXNL, a new form of baryonic matter with zero electric charge density, which is by nature "dark". The numerical values of all SU3XPT coefficients are used to fit current scattering experiments and ordinary XNL drops (identified with the ground state of ordinary even-even spin-zero spherical closed-shell nuclei). SXNL then also emerges (i.e. without new adjustable parameters). For certain SU3XPT coefficients, finite microscopic and macroscopic drops of SXNL may be the ground state of a collection of nucleons: ordinary heavy nuclei may be meta-stable, while oceans of SXNL may force qualitative and experimentally observable changes to the neutron star equation of state.
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