石墨烯负载Ni（OH）2纳米片作为新型电化学赝电容器材料
Ni(OH)2 Nanoplates Grown on Graphene as Advanced Electrochemical Pseudocapacitor Materials
摘要：
研究了在不同氧化程度的石墨烯片上生长的Ni（OH）2纳米晶作为电化学赝电容器材料的潜在储能应用。直接生长在轻度氧化的导电石墨烯片（GS）上的单晶Ni（OH）2六方纳米片在2.8A/g的充放电电流密度下表现出约1335 F/g的高比电容，在45.7A/g的充放电电流密度下表现出约953 F/g的高比电容，具有优异的循环能力。高的比电容和显著的倍率性能在具有高能量和功率密度的超级电容器中具有应用前景。预合成的Ni（OH）2纳米片和石墨烯片的简单物理混合物显示出较低的比电容，凸显了纳米材料在石墨烯上直接生长的重要性，以赋予活性纳米材料和导电石墨烯网络之间的密切相互作用和有效的电荷传输。直接生长在石墨烯片上的单晶Ni（OH）2纳米片也显著优于生长在重氧化的电绝缘氧化石墨（GO）上的小Ni（OH）2纳米颗粒，这表明这些复合材料的电化学性能取决于石墨烯基底的质量以及生长在顶部的纳米材料的形态和结晶度。这些结果表明，石墨烯基纳米复合材料的合理设计和合成对于高性能能源应用的重要性。
英文摘要：
Ni(OH)2 nanocrystals grown on graphene sheets with various degrees of oxidation are investigated as electrochemical pseudocapacitor materials for potential energy storage applications. Single-crystalline Ni(OH)2 hexagonal nanoplates directly grown on lightly-oxidized, electrically-conducting graphene sheets (GS) exhibit a high specific capacitance of ~1335F/g at a charge and discharge current density of 2.8A/g and ~953F/g at 45.7A/g with excellent cycling ability. The high specific capacitance and remarkable rate capability are promising for applications in supercapacitors with both high energy and power densities. Simple physical mixture of pre-synthesized Ni(OH)2 nanoplates and graphene sheets show lower specific capacitance, highlighting the importance of direct growth of nanomaterials on graphene to impart intimate interactions and efficient charge transport between the active nanomaterials and the conducting graphene network. Single-crystalline Ni(OH)2 nanoplates directly grown on graphene sheets also significantly outperform small Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles grown on heavily-oxidized, electrically-insulating graphite oxide (GO), suggesting that the electrochemical performance of these composites are dependent on the quality of graphene substrates and the morphology and crystallinity of the nanomaterials grown on top. These results suggest the importance of rational design and synthesis of graphene-based nanocomposite materials for high-performance energy applications.
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