运动水面上表面波的水平效应
Horizon effects with surface waves on moving water
摘要：
在一个线性模型，其中包括表面张力的流体被认为是在一个稳定的水流表面波。由此产生的重力毛细波的经验丰富的地平线上的影响时，逆着流传播。在某些情况下，对于具有单一实验室频率的波，存在三个层位（波的群速度反转的点）。这些效应中的一些在流体力学中以波阻塞的名义是熟悉的，但是其他方面，特别是具有负同向移动频率的波和霍金效应，被忽略了，直到表面波作为模拟重力的例子被研究[Schützhold R和Unruh W G 2002 Phys. Rev. D 66 044019]。本文对重力-毛细波的各种层位效应作了全面的介绍，着重讨论了深水/短波长情况kh>>1，在这种情况下可以得到许多解析结果。的波的热力学系统的状态空间的相似性指出。
英文摘要：
Surface waves on a stationary flow of water are considered, in a linear model that includes the surface tension of the fluid. The resulting gravity-capillary waves experience a rich array of horizon effects when propagating against the flow. In some cases three horizons (points where the group velocity of the wave reverses) exist for waves with a single laboratory frequency. Some of these effects are familiar in fluid mechanics under the name of wave blocking, but other aspects, in particular waves with negative co-moving frequency and the Hawking effect, were overlooked until surface waves were investigated as examples of analogue gravity [Schützhold R and Unruh W G 2002 Phys. Rev. D 66 044019]. A comprehensive presentation of the various horizon effects for gravity-capillary waves is given, with emphasis on the deep water/short wavelength case kh>>1 where many analytical results can be derived. A similarity of the state space of the waves to that of a thermodynamic system is pointed out.
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