光子隧穿中光的自旋霍尔效应
Spin Hall effect of light in photon tunneling
摘要：
考虑光的自旋霍尔效应，解决了二维光子隧穿角动量守恒的破缺问题。这种有趣的效应表现为经典波包隧穿棱镜-空气-棱镜势垒时的偏振相关的横向位移。对于特定的圆偏振分量，可以通过改变与两个棱镜相关联的折射率梯度来调制横向位移。我们发现，光子隧穿机制可以显著增强常规光束折射中的SHE。偏振相关的横向位移由总角动量守恒定律控制，而偏振相关的角位移由总的线动量定律控制。这些发现为开发新的纳米光子器件提供了可能性，并可以推广到其他物理系统。
英文摘要：
We resolve the breakdown of angular momentum conservation on two-dimensional photon tunneling by considering spin Hall effect (SHE) of light. This interesting effect manifests itself as polarization-dependent transverse shifts for a classic wave packet tunneling through a prism-air-prism barrier. For a certain circularly polarized component, the transverse shifts can be modulated by altering the refractive index gradient associated with the two prisms. We find that the SHE in conventional beam refraction can be evidently enhanced via photon tunneling mechanism. The polarization-dependent transverse shift is governed by the total angular momentum conservation law, while the polarization-dependent angular shift is governed by the total linear momentum law. These findings open the possibility for developing new nano-photonic devices and can be extrapolated to other physical systems.
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