解开扔到一个毛绒球的字符串
Unwinding of strings thrown into a fuzzball
摘要：
传统的黑洞有一个视界，视界内有一个奇点。但黑洞的实际微观状态是“模糊球”，没有视界，内部结构复杂。我们取弦论中最简单的洞--极值2电荷D1 D5洞--并研究一个简单的效应，它是模糊球内部结构的结果。假设我们有一个NS 1字符串包裹着模糊球解的紧致圆。在传统的黑洞解中，这个圆直接与其余方向张紧，并且不收缩到零尺寸。因此，弦的一部分可以落在地平线后面，但不能“解开”。在模糊球几何中，这个圆通过与其他方向的混合形成了一个非平凡的几何结构--KK monople，因此在这个圆的核心处收缩为零。因此，字符串可以“解开”的模糊球几何，和缠绕的电荷，然后表现为一个非平凡的场强生活在微观解决方案。我们计算这一领域的强度为一个通用的微观状态，并简要评论的物理学建议的解旋过程。
英文摘要：
The traditional black hole has a horizon, with a singularity inside the horizon. But actual microstates of black holes are `fuzzballs', with no horizon and a complex internal structure. We take the simplest hole in string theory -- the extremal 2-charge D1D5 hole -- and study a simple effect that is a consequence of this internal structure of the fuzzball. Suppose we have a NS1 string wrapping the compact circle of the fuzzball solution. In the traditional black hole solution this circle is directly tensored with the remaining directions, and does not shrink to zero size. Thus a part of the string can fall behind the horizon, but not `unwind'. In the fuzzball geometry, this circle makes a nontrivial geometric structure -- the KK monople -- by mixing with the other directions, and thus shrinks to zero at the core of the monopole. Thus the string can `unwind' in the fuzzball geometry, and the winding charge is then manifested by a nontrivial field strength living on the microstate solution. We compute this field strength for a generic microstate, and comment briefly on the physics suggested by the unwinding process.
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