扩展极化激元凝聚体的自发形成和光学操纵
Spontaneous formation and optical manipulation of extended polariton condensates
摘要：
腔激子-极化激元（极化激元）是玻色子准粒子，为研究相互作用凝聚体提供了独特的固态系统。到目前为止，无序诱导的局域化和短的寿命已经阻止了任何量子操纵凝聚波函数所需的长程非对角序的建立。在这项工作中，使用线微腔的极化激元寿命十倍以上，在所有以前存在的样品，我们表明，极化激元凝聚体可以传播宏观距离外的激发区域，同时保持其自发的空间相干性。一个扩展的凝聚波函数建立了一个空间相干度大于50%的距离50倍的极化激元德布罗意波长。冷凝物的膨胀被示出由光生激子在激发区域内诱导的排斥势支配。这种局部势的控制提供了一种新的和通用的方法来操纵扩展的极化激元凝聚。作为一个例子，我们证明了通过控制隧道耦合和本地化的凝聚在一个陷阱与光学控制的尺寸扩展凝聚同步。
英文摘要：
Cavity exciton-polaritons (polaritons) are bosonic quasi-particles offering a unique solid-state system to investigate interacting condensates. Up to now, disorder induced localization and short lifetimes have prevented the establishment of long range off diagonal order needed for any quantum manipulation of the condensate wavefunction. In this work, using a wire microcavity with polariton lifetimes ten times longer than in all previously existing samples, we show that polariton condensates can propagate over macroscopic distances outside the excitation area, while preserving their spontaneous spatial coherence. An extended condensate wave-function builds-up with a degree of spatial coherence larger than 50% over distances 50 times the polariton De Broglie wavelength. The expansion of the condensate is shown to be governed by the repulsive potential induced by photo-generated excitons within the excitation area. The control of this local potential offers a new and versatile method to manipulate extended polariton condensates. As an illustration, we demonstrate synchronization of extended condensates via controlled tunnel coupling and localization of condensates in a trap with optically controlled dimensions.
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