用幺正性回飞棒寻找新物理学
Hunting for New Physics with Unitarity Boomerangs
摘要：
虽然幺正三角形（$UTs$）携带了关于Kobayashi-Maskawa（KM）夸克混合矩阵的信息，但它明确地只包含三个参数，这是完全固定KM矩阵的一个短参数。我们最近的研究表明，由两个具有相同内角的$UTs$构成的幺正性回飞器（$UB$）可以完全确定KM矩阵，从而更好地代表夸克混合。在这里，我们研究详细的属性的$UBs$，其中有总共18种可能。其中，只有一个不涉及非常小的角度，是实际应用的理想之一。尽管$UBs$具有不同的面积，但是对于所有$UBs$，存在不变量，其等于Jarlskog参数$J$平方的四分之一。寻找新的物理学，使用幺正性回飞棒，可以揭示更多的信息，而不仅仅是使用幺正性三角形。
英文摘要：
Although the unitarity triangles ($UTs$) carry information about the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) quark mixing matrix, it explicitly contains just three parameters which is one short to completely fix the KM matrix. It has been shown recently, by us, that the unitarity boomerangs ($UB$) formed using two $UTs$, with a common inner angle, can completely determine the KM matrix and, therefore, better represents, quark mixing. Here, we study detailed properties of the $UBs$, of which there are a total 18 possible. Among them, there is only one which does not involve very small angles and is the ideal one for practical uses. Although the $UBs$ have different areas, there is an invariant quantity, for all $UBs$, which is equal to a quarter of the Jarlskog parameter $J$ squared. Hunting new physics, with a unitarity boomerang, can reveal more information, than just using a unitarity triangle.
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