太阳、半人马座α星A、南河三、大角星和老人星光谱中Fe I线的傅立叶分析
Fourier analysis of Fe I lines in the spectra of the Sun, α Centauri A, Procyon, Arcturus, and Canopus
摘要：
我们用200000分辨率的Fe I谱线剖面的光谱观测来确定太阳作为恒星时，α Cen A、南河三（α CMi）、大角星（α Boo）和老人星（α Car）大气中的微观和宏观湍流速度。各向同性的微观湍流速度（V_mi）和径向-切向宏观湍流速度（V_ma，RT）被认为是除老人星外所有恒星大气中速度场的一个相当合适的近似。太阳作为恒星时的平均速度V_mi和V_ma，RT分别为0.8 ± 0.1和2.6 ± 0.3 km/s，α Cen A分别为0.8 ± 0.2和2.9 ± 0.4 km/s，南河三分别为0.8 ± 0.3和5.9 ± 0.2 km/s，大角星为1.0 +/- 0.2和4.6 +/- 0.3 km/s。老人星大气中的速度场可用微湍流的径向-切向各向异性分布（Vmi，RT = 2.1 km/s）和宏观湍流的各向异性分布（Vma，rad = 17 ± 2 km/s，Vma，tan = 1.3 ± 1.0 km/s）来描述。通过对Fe I三条谱线的展宽和形状的傅里叶分析，我们得到老人星的自转速度V_esini = 3.5 ± 0.2 km/s。
英文摘要：
We used spectral observations of Fe I line profiles with a 200 000 resolution to determine micro and macroturbulent velocities in the atmospheres of the Sun as a star, α Cen A, Procyon (α CMi), Arcturus (α Boo), and Canopus (α Car). Isotropic microturturbulent velocities (V_mi) and radial-tangential macroturbulent velocities (V_ma,RT) were found to be a quite suitable approximation to the velocity field in the atmospheres of all stars studied except Canopus. The average velocities V_mi and V_ma,RT are 0.8 +/- 0.1 and 2.6 +/- 0.3 km/s for the Sun as a star, 0.8 +/- 0.2 and 2.9 +/- 0.4 km/s for α Cen A, 0.8 +/- 0.3 and 5.9 +/- 0.2 km/s for Procyon, 1.0 +/- 0.2 and 4.6 +/- 0.3 km/s for Arcturus. The velocity field in the atmosphere of Canopus can be described by an anisotropic radial-tangential distribution of microturbulence with V_mi,RT = 2.1 km/s and anisotropic distribution of macroturbulence with V_ma,rad = 17 +/- 2 km/s and V_ma,tan = 1.3 +/- 1.0 km/s. From Fourier analysis of broadening and shapes of three spectral lines of Fe I, we have derived the rotation velocity V_e sini = 3.5 +/- 0.2 km/s for Canopus.
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