相对论性流体中的简单波
Simple waves in relativistic fluids
摘要：
我们考虑了多方流体的相对论流动的黎曼问题，并找到了流动特性的关系。在冷磁化等离子体的情况下，物理量的演化具有特别简单的形式。我们找到精确的，明确的解析解一维膨胀的磁化等离子体到真空中，适用于任意磁化。我们还考虑了膨胀到冷的非磁化的外部介质的初始条件和初始移动的等离子体，以及反射的稀疏波从一个墙壁。我们还发现了三维磁化流出到真空中的自相似结构，有效的接近等离子体真空界面。这项工作的关键结果，自相似解决方案，在首次提交后被纳入Granot等人（2010）出版版本的附录中。
英文摘要：
We consider the Riemann problem for relativistic flows of polytropic fluids and find relations for the flow characteristics. Evolution of physical quantities take especially simple form for the case of cold magnetized plasmas. We find exact, explicit analytical solutions for one dimensional expansion of magnetized plasma into vacuum, valid for arbitrary magnetization. We also consider expansion into cold unmagnetized external medium both for stationary initial conditions and for initially moving plasma, as well as reflection of rarefaction wave from a wall. We also find self-similar structure of three-dimensional magnetized outflows into vacuum, valid close to the plasma-vacuum interface. The key results of this work, the self-similar solutions, were incorporated post-initial submission into appendices of the published version of Granot et al. (2010).
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