胶体物理学中的粗粒化概念及其在剪切场中流体和滞留胶体悬浮体中的应用
On a Coarse-Graining Concept in Colloidal Physics with Application to Fluid and Arrested Colloidal Suspensions in Shearing Fields
摘要：
我们对复杂流体和一般无定形物体的宏观性质了解甚少。这主要是由于不同层次和长度尺度的现象之间的相互作用。特别是，微观层次（由直接相互作用主导）与连续统描述起作用的层次不一定一致。这通常是在存在结构不均匀性的情况下，结构不均匀性是紧密堆积以下物质的所有结构无序状态所固有的。因此，对流体或被捕无序状态的外部场的宏观响应还没有很好地理解。为了解开这种复杂性，在这项工作中，我们建立在一个简单但似乎强大的概念。这可以概括如下：结构不均匀性的介观长度尺度被假定为有效构建块的特征长度尺度，而初级粒子的自由度被积分出来。理论结果来自，在目前的工作中，宏观响应的流体和动态逮捕模型胶体态在剪切场。粗粒度理论的预测和原则的适用性进行了测试，与原始的模拟和实验数据进行比较。
英文摘要：
We poorly understand the macroscopic properties of complex fluids and of amorphous bodies in general. This is mainly due to the interplay between phenomena at different levels and length-scales. In particular, it is not necessarily true that the microscopic level (dominated by direct interactions) coincides with the level where the continuum description comes into play. This is typically the case in the presence of structural inhomogeneities which are inherent to all structurally disordered states of matter below close packing. As a consequence, the macroscopic response to external fields of either fluid or arrested disordered states is not well understood. In order to disentangle this complexity, in this work we build upon a simple yet seemingly powerful concept. This can be summarized as follows: the mesoscopic length-scale of structural inhomogeneities is assumed to be the characteristic length-scale of the effective building blocks, while the degrees of freedom of the primary particles are integrated out. Theoretical results are derived, in the present work, for the macroscopic response of fluid and dynamically arrested model colloidal states in fields of shear. The predictions of the coarse-grained theories and the applicability of the principle are tested in comparison with original simulation and experimental data.
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