We study the evolution of initially extended distributions in the coined quantum walk on the line by analyzing the dispersion relation of the process and its associated wave equations. This allows us, in particular, to devise an initially extended condition leading to a uniform probability distribution whose width increases linearly with time, with increasing homogeneity.
We have derived an analytical expression for variance of homogeneous-position decoherent quantum walk (HPDQW) with general form of noise on its position, and have shown that, while the quadratic ($t^2$) term of variance never changes by position decoherency, the linear term ($t$) does and always increases the variance. We study the walker with ability to tunnel out to $d$ nearest neighbors as an example and compare our result with former studies. We also show that, although our expression have been derived for asymptotic case, the rapid decay of time-dependent terms cause the expressions to be…
Quantum walk-based optimisation for capacitated vehicle routing with homogeneous and heterogeneous fleets
Pawsey Supercomputing Research Centre（Pawsey超级计算研究中心）；Centre for Quantum Information, Simulation and Algorithms, The University of Western Australia（西澳大利亚大学量子信息、模拟与算法中心）；PrioriAnalytica
This paper is concerned with the continuous-time quantum walk on Z, Z^d, and infinite homogeneous trees. By using the generating function method, we compute the limit of the average probability distribution for the general isotropic walk on Z, and for nearest-neighbor walks on Z^d and infinite homogeneous trees. In addition, we compute the asymptotic approximation for the probability of the return to zero at time t in all these cases.
A quantum central limit theorem for a continuous-time quantum walk on a homogeneous tree is derived from quantum probability theory. As a consequence, a new type of limit theorems for another continuous-time walk introduced by the walk is presented. The limit density is similar to that given by a continuous-time quantum walk on the one-dimensional lattice.
Discrete-time quantum walks (QWs) represent robust and versatile platforms for the controlled engineering of single particle quantum dynamics, and have attracted special attention due to their algorithmic applications in quantum information science. Even in their simplest 1D architectures, they display complex topological phenomena, which can be employed in the systematic study of topological quantum phase transitions [1]. Due to the exponential scaling in the number of resources required, most experimental realizations of QWs up to date have been limited to single particles, with only a few i…
In this work, we study open quantum random walks, as described by S. Attal et al. These objects are given in terms of completely positive maps acting on trace-class operators, leading to one of the simplest open quantum versions of the recurrence problem for classical, discrete-time random walks. This work focuses on obtaining criteria for site recurrence of nearest-neighbor, homogeneous walks on the integer line, with the description presented here making use of recent results of the theory of open walks, most particularly regarding reducibility properties of the operators involved. This allo…
We propose a new theory on a relation between diffusive and coherent nature in one dimensional wave mechanics based on a quantum walk. It is known that the quantum walk in homogeneous matrices provides the coherent property of wave mechanics. Using the recent result of a localization phenomenon in a one-dimensional quantum walk (Konno, Quantum Inf. Proc. (2010) 9, 405-418), we numerically show that the randomized localized matrices suppress the coherence and give diffusive nature.
We study discrete-time quantum walks on a half line by means of spectral analysis. Cantero et al. [1] showed that the CMV matrix, which gives a recurrence relation for the orthogonal Laurent polynomials on the unit circle [2], expresses the dynamics of the quantum walk. Using the CGMV method introduced by them, the name is taken from their initials, we obtain the spectral measure for the quantum walk. As a corollary, we give another proof for localization of the quantum walk on homogeneous trees shown by Chisaki et al. [3].
We consider the two-state space-inhomogeneous coined quantum walk (QW) in one dimension. For a general setting, we obtain the stationary measure of the QW by solving the eigenvalue problem. As a corollary, stationary measures of the multi-defect model and space-homogeneous QW are derived. The former is a generalization of the previous works on one-defect model and the latter is a generalization of the result given by Konno and Takei (2015).
We formalize a notion of discrete Lorentz transforms for Quantum Walks (QW) and Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA), in (1 + 1)-dimensional discrete spacetime. The theory admits a diagrammatic representation in terms of a few local, circuit equivalence rules. Within this framework, we show the first-order-only covariance of the Dirac QW. We then introduce the Clock QW and the Clock QCA, and prove that they are exactly discrete Lorentz covariant. The theory also allows for non-homogeneous Lorentz transforms, between non-inertial frames.
We describe the action of the symplectic group on the homogeneous space of squeezed states (quantum blobs) and extend this action to the semigroup. We then extend the metaplectic representation to the metaplectic (or oscillator) semigroup and study the properties of such an extension using Bargmann-Fock space. The shape geometry of squeezing is analyzed and noncommuting elements from the symplectic semigroup are proposed to be used in simultaneous monitoring of noncommuting quantum variables - which should lead to fractal patterns on the manifold of squeezed states.
The discrete-time quantum walk (QW) is a quantum version of the random walk (RW) and has been widely investigated for the last two decades. Some remarkable properties of QW are well known. For example, QW has a ballistic spreading, i.e., QW is quadratically faster than RW. For some cases, localization occurs: a walker stays at the starting position forever. In this paper, we consider stationary measures of two-state QWs on the line. It was shown that for any space-homogeneous model, the uniform measure becomes the stationary measure. However, the corresponding result for space-inhomogeneous mo…
A quantum walk is a time-homogeneous quantum-mechanical process on a graph defined by analogy to classical random walk. The quantum walker is a particle that moves from a given vertex to adjacent vertices in quantum superposition. Here we consider a generalization of quantum walk to systems with more than one walker. A continuous-time multi-particle quantum walk is generated by a time-independent Hamiltonian with a term corresponding to a single-particle quantum walk for each particle, along with an interaction term. Multi-particle quantum walk includes a broad class of interacting many-body s…
We treat three types of measures of the quantum walk (QW) with the spatial perturbation at the origin, which was introduced by [1]: time averaged limit measure, weak limit measure, and stationary measure. From the first two measures, we see a coexistence of the ballistic and localized behaviors in the walk as a sequential result following [1,2]. We propose a universality class of QWs with respect to weak limit measure. It is shown that typical spatial homogeneous QWs with ballistic spreading belong to the universality class. We find that the walk treated here with one defect also belongs to th…
Quantum walks are known to propagate quadratically faster than their classical counterparts and are used to model dynamics in various quantum systems. The spread of the quantum walk in position space shows anomalous diffusion behavior. By controlling the action of quantum coin operation on the corresponding coin degree of freedom of the walker, one can demonstrate control over the diffusion behavior. In this work, we report different forms of coin operations on quantum walks exhibiting anomalous diffusion behavior. Homogeneous and accelerated quantum walks display superdiffusive behavior, wher…
We discuss the model of a one-dimensional, discrete-time walk on a line with spatial heterogeneity in the form of a variable set of ultrametric barriers. Inspired by the homogeneous quantum walk on a line, we develop a formalism by which the classical ultrametric random walk as well as the quantum walk can be treated in parallel by using a "coined" walk with internal degrees of freedom. For the random walk, this amounts to a $2^{\rm nd}$-order Markov process with a \emph{stochastic} coin, better known as an (anti-)persistent walk. When this coin varies spatially in the hierarchical manner of "…
Ballistic Speed and Potential-Theoretic Recurrence for Homogeneous Open Quantum Random Walks
Politecnico di Milano（米兰理工大学）；University College, Yonsei University（延世大学校）；United Arab Emirates University（阿联酋大学）；Hankyong National University（韩国汉阳女子大学）
Out-of-equilibrium phenomena is a subject of considerable interest in many fields of physics. Ultracold quantum gases, which are extremely clean, well-isolated and highly controllable systems, offer ideal platforms to investigate this topic. The recent progress in tailoring trapping potentials now allows the experimental production of homogeneous samples in custom geometries, which is a key advance for studies of the emergence of coherence in interacting quantum systems. Here we review recent experiments in which temperature quenches have been performed across the Bose-Einstein condensation (B…
Quantum walks are considered to be quantum counterparts of random walks.They show us impressive probability distributions which are different from those of random walks.That fact has been precisely proved in terms of mathematics and some of the results were reported as limit theorems.When we analyze quantum walks, some conventional methods are used for the computations.Especially, the Fourier analysis has played a role to do that.It is, however, compatible with some types of quantum walks (e.g. quantum walks on the line with a spatially homogeneous dynamics) and can not well work on the deriva…
Open Quantum Walks (OQWs), originally introduced by S. Attal, are quantum generalizations of classical Markov chains. Recently, natural continuous time models of OQW have been developed by C. Pellegrini. These models, called Continuous Time Open Quantum Walks (CTOQWs), appear as natural continuous time limits of discrete time OQWs. In particular they are quantum extensions of continuous time Markov chains. This article is devoted to the study of homogeneous CTOQW on $\mathbb{Z}^d$. We focus namely on their associated quantum trajectories which allow us to prove a Central Limit Theorem for the …
First-order quantum correction to the Larmor radiation is investigated on the basis of the scalar QED on a homogeneous background of time-dependent electric field, which is a generalization of a recent work by Higuchi and Walker so as to be extended for an accelerated charged particle in a relativistic motion. We obtain a simple approximate formula for the quantum correction in the limit of the relativistic motion when the direction of the particle motion is parallel to that of the electric field.
In this paper, we claim that a common underlying structure--a skeleton structure--is present behind discrete-time quantum walks (QWs) on a one-dimensional lattice with a homogeneous coin matrix. This skeleton structure is independent of the initial state, and partially, even of the coin matrix. This structure is best interpreted in the context of quantum-walk-replicating random walks (QWRWs), i.e., random walks that replicate the probability distribution of quantum walks, where this newly found structure acts as a simplified formula for the transition probability. Additionally, we construct a …
We study one-dimensional quantum walks in a homogeneous electric field. The field is given by a phase which depends linearly on position and is applied after each step. The long time propagation properties of this system, such as revivals, ballistic expansion and Anderson localization, depend very sensitively on the value of the electric field $Φ$, e.g., on whether $Φ/(2π)$ is rational or irrational. We relate these properties to the continued fraction expansion of the field. When the field is given only with finite accuracy, the beginning of the expansion allows analogous conclusions about th…
Quantum walks provide a framework for understanding and designing quantum algorithms that is both intuitive and universal. To leverage the computational power of these walks, it is important to be able to programmably modify the graph a walker traverses while maintaining coherence. Here, we do this by combining the fast, programmable control provided by optical tweezer arrays with the scalable, homogeneous environment of an optical lattice. Using this new combination of tools we study continuous-time quantum walks of single atoms on a 2D square lattice, and perform proof-of-principle demonstra…
We introduce and study a class of discrete-time quantum walks on a one-dimensional lattice. In contrast to the standard homogeneous quantum walks, coin operators are inhomogeneous and depend on their positions in this class of models. The models are shown to be self-dual with respect to the Fourier transform, which is analogous to the Aubry-André model describing the one-dimensional tight-binding model with a quasi-periodic potential. When the period of coin operators is incommensurate to the lattice spacing, we rigorously show that the limit distribution of the quantum walk is localized at th…
We consider the Weyl quantum walk in 3+1 dimensions, that is a discrete-time walk describing a particle with two internal degrees of freedom moving on a Cayley graph of the group $\mathbb Z^3$, that in an appropriate regime evolves according to Weyl's equation. The Weyl quantum walk was recently derived as the unique unitary evolution on a Cayley graph of $\mathbb Z^3$ that is homogeneous and isotropic. The general solution of the quantum walk evolution is provided here in the position representation, by the analytical expression of the propagator, i.e. transition amplitude from a node of the …
