纤维在非线性粘弹性流体中的游动速度
Swimming speeds of filaments in nonlinearly viscoelastic fluids
摘要：
许多微生物在其自然环境中游泳通过凝胶和非牛顿流体。在本文中，我们专注于微生物利用鞭毛推进。我们解决如何游泳速度在非线性粘弹性流体的影响，通过检查一个无限长的圆柱体在Oldrophil-B流体中的任意跳动运动的问题。我们解决了游泳速度的限制，其中从其直配置的圆柱体的偏转是小的相对于圆柱体的半径和波长的偏转;此外，圆柱体的半径是小的相比，波长的偏转。我们发现，游泳速度减少非线性粘弹性效应。我们应用这些结果来研究什么类型的游泳运动可以产生净平移在非线性流体中，相比牛顿的情况下，珀塞尔的“扇贝”定理描述了如何时间可逆性约束游泳运动是有效的。我们发现，领先的顺序违反扇贝定理发生往复运动，其中向后和向前的中风发生在不同的速率。
英文摘要：
Many microorganisms swim through gels and non-Newtonian fluids in their natural environments. In this paper, we focus on microorganisms which use flagella for propulsion. We address how swimming velocities are affected in nonlinearly viscoelastic fluids by examining the problem of an infinitely long cylinder with arbitrary beating motion in the Oldroyd-B fluid. We solve for the swimming velocity in the limit in which deflections of the cylinder from its straight configuration are small relative to the radius of the cylinder and the wavelength of the deflections; furthermore, the radius of the cylinder is small compared to the wavelength of deflections. We find that swimming velocities are diminished by nonlinear viscoelastic effects. We apply these results to examine what types of swimming motions can produce net translation in a nonlinear fluid, comparing to the Newtonian case, for which Purcell's "scallop" theorem describes how time-reversibility constrains which swimming motions are effective. We find that the leading order violation of the scallop theorem occurs for reciprocal motions in which the backward and forward strokes occur at different rates.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
