arXiv 1004.07342010-04hep-phhep-th

扩展到Dirac理论的量子味振荡

Quantum flavor oscillations extended to the Dirac theory

Alex E. Bernardini, Marcelo M. Guzzo, Celso C. Nishi

备注：: 116 pages, 10 figures (The abstract was suppressed due to online title limitations of the abstract field. See the manuscript for obtaining the complete abstract)
发表信息：: Fortsch.Phys.59:372,2011
DOI：: 10.1002/prop.201000101

摘要：

这份报告涉及真空中味振荡的量子理论，在第一和第二量子化理论的几个微妙方面扩展到费米子粒子。在这种情况下，需要使用狄拉克方程来得到令人满意的费米子质量本征态的演化，因为在振荡的标准处理中，质量本征态被隐含地假设为标量，因此，中微子波函数的旋量形式不包括在计算中。在第一量子化理论中，除了味振荡，手征振荡自动出现时，我们设置的动力学方程的费米子Dirac型粒子。产生和检测到的中微子的左手手征性质可以在第一量子化狄拉克理论中实现，在存在混合的情况下;由于最初的左手中微子转变为未检测到的右手中微子而导致的概率损失可以以解析形式获得。在自由粒子的因果相对论理论中，味振荡中应该存在两种效应之一：（a）快速振荡或（b）初始味违反。关于第二个量化的方法，一个简单的第二个量化的治疗表现出微小的，但不可避免的初始味道违反没有快速振荡的可能性。这种效应是本质上不确定但大致明确定义的中微子味的结果。违反的影响被证明是远远大于圈引起的轻子味违反过程，已经存在于标准模型中的大质量中微子的存在下，混合。这份报告的结论导致有关风味混合，手征振荡，狄拉克方程解的正负频率分量之间的干扰，以及量子振荡的字段制定的经验教训。

英文摘要：

This report deals with the quantum theory of flavor oscillations in vacuum, extended to fermionic particles in the several subtle aspects of the first and second quantization theories. In this scenario, the use of the Dirac equation is required for a satisfactory evolution of fermionic mass-eigenstates since in the standard treatment of oscillations the mass-eigenstates are implicitly assumed to be scalars and, consequently, the spinorial form of neutrino wave functions is not included in the calculations. Within first quantized theories, besides flavor oscillations, chiral oscillations automatically appear when we set the dynamic equations for a fermionic Dirac-type particle. The left-handed chiral nature of created and detected neutrinos can be implemented in the first quantized Dirac theory in presence of mixing; the probability loss due to the changing of initially left-handed neutrinos to the undetected right-handed neutrinos can be obtained in analytic form. In the context of a causal relativistic theory of a free particle, one of the two effects should be present in flavor oscillations: (a) rapid oscillations or (b) initial flavor violation. Concerning second quantized approaches, a simple second quantized treatment exhibits a tiny but inevitable initial flavor violation without the possibility of rapid oscillations. Such effect is a consequence of an intrinsically indefinite but approximately well defined neutrino flavor. The violation effects are shown to be much larger than loop induced lepton flavor violation processes, already present in the standard model in the presence of massive neutrinos with mixing. The conclusions of this report lead to lessons concerning flavor mixing, chiral oscillations, interference between positive and negative frequency components of Dirac equation solutions, and the field formulation of quantum oscillations.

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