双馈变速风力发电机的非线性双模控制
Nonlinear Dual-Mode Control of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines with Doubly Fed Induction Generators
摘要：
提出了一种双馈风力发电系统的反馈/前馈非线性控制器。通过适当地调节转子电压和叶片桨距角，控制器同时实现：（a）在最大功率跟踪和功率调节模式两者中的有功功率的控制，（b）在两种模式之间的无缝切换，以及（c）无功功率的控制，使得维持期望的功率因数。与许多现有的设计不同，控制器是基于风力涡轮机的原始非线性机电耦合模型开发的，而不尝试近似线性化。它的发展包括三个步骤：（i）采用反馈线性化，以精确地消除一些非线性和执行任意极点配置，（ii）设计一个速度控制器，使转子角速度跟踪所需的参考尽可能，和（iii）引入一个类似李雅普诺夫函数，并提出了一个基于梯度的方法来最小化这个功能。控制器的有效性证明通过模拟风力涡轮机在几种情况下运行。
英文摘要：
This paper presents a feedback/feedforward nonlinear controller for variable-speed wind turbines with doubly fed induction generators. By appropriately adjusting the rotor voltages and the blade pitch angle, the controller simultaneously enables: (a) control of the active power in both the maximum power tracking and power regulation modes, (b) seamless switching between the two modes, and (c) control of the reactive power so that a desirable power factor is maintained. Unlike many existing designs, the controller is developed based on original, nonlinear, electromechanically-coupled models of wind turbines, without attempting approximate linearization. Its development consists of three steps: (i) employ feedback linearization to exactly cancel some of the nonlinearities and perform arbitrary pole placement, (ii) design a speed controller that makes the rotor angular velocity track a desired reference whenever possible, and (iii) introduce a Lyapunov-like function and present a gradient-based approach for minimizing this function. The effectiveness of the controller is demonstrated through simulation of a wind turbine operating under several scenarios.
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