当前和未来暗能量探测器的优值
Figures of merit for present and future dark energy probes
摘要：
我们比较当前和预测的约束动力学暗能量模型从Ia型超新星和宇宙微波背景使用的品质因数的基础上允许的暗能量参数空间的体积。对于随比例因子线性变化的双参数暗能量状态方程，并假设宇宙是平坦的，通过未来的天基超新星数据和普朗克卫星的CMB测量，相对于当前的限制，误差椭圆的面积可以减少约10倍。如果暗能量状态方程由更一般的主成分基描述，则基于体积的品质因数的预期改善要大得多。虽然任何单个参数的预测精度仅比当前不确定性小2-5倍，但是对于大约6个独立的暗能量参数，由-1<w<1限定的对暗能量模型的约束得到改善，导致主成分参数空间的总允许体积减小约100倍。即使考虑到未来数据的精度，典型的精粹模型也可以通过这些参数中的2-3个来充分描述，这导致了更适度但仍然显着的改进。除了超新星和宇宙微波背景辐射数据的进步，还需要对绝对距离和/或膨胀率进行更高水平的测量，以确保暗能量约束对空间曲率的变化保持鲁棒性。
英文摘要：
We compare current and forecasted constraints on dynamical dark energy models from Type Ia supernovae and the cosmic microwave background using figures of merit based on the volume of the allowed dark energy parameter space. For a two-parameter dark energy equation of state that varies linearly with the scale factor, and assuming a flat universe, the area of the error ellipse can be reduced by a factor of ~10 relative to current constraints by future space-based supernova data and CMB measurements from the Planck satellite. If the dark energy equation of state is described by a more general basis of principal components, the expected improvement in volume-based figures of merit is much greater. While the forecasted precision for any single parameter is only a factor of 2-5 smaller than current uncertainties, the constraints on dark energy models bounded by -1<w<1 improve for approximately 6 independent dark energy parameters resulting in a reduction of the total allowed volume of principal component parameter space by a factor of ~100. Typical quintessence models can be adequately described by just 2-3 of these parameters even given the precision of future data, leading to a more modest but still significant improvement. In addition to advances in supernova and CMB data, percent-level measurement of absolute distance and/or the expansion rate is required to ensure that dark energy constraints remain robust to variations in spatial curvature.
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