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arXiv 1003.4619cond-mat.str-el
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正方晶格基态上哈伯德模型的对称性和自发对称性破缺

Symmetry and spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Hubbard model on a square lattice ground state

J. P. Carmelo

摘要:

本文考虑了最近引入的具有$N_a^2\gg 1$格位、有效转移积分$t$和原位排斥$U$的正方晶格上的哈伯德模型的一般算符描述在适当的单电子和双电子子空间中的简化形式。这种算子描述与最近扩展到$SO(3)\times SO(3)\times U(1)$的模型精确全局对称性一致。在热力学极限下,正方晶格上半填充哈伯德模型的自旋密度$m=0$基态中存在$N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$长程反铁磁有序,这是一个很大的共识。在这里,我们发现,相应的自发对称性破缺降低了这种状态的对称性从$SO(3)\times SO(3)\times U(1)$大,但有限的$[U(2)\times U(1)]/Z_2^2 \equiv [SO(3)\times U(1)\times U(1)]/Z_2$的$N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$。此外,我们认为自旋有效晶格与原始晶格相同是在极限$N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$下出现基态长程反铁磁序的必要条件。一致地,强有力的证据,提供了非常小的空穴浓度$0<x\ll1$的基态有一个短距离的无限螺旋自旋顺序。我们的结果是感兴趣的凝聚态系统和超冷费米子原子上的光学正方形晶格。

英文摘要:

In this paper we consider the simplified form that a recently introduced general operator description of the Hubbard model on the square lattice with $N_a^2\gg 1$ sites, effective transfer integral $t$, and onsite repulsion $U$ has in a suitable one- and two-electron subspace. Such an operator description is that consistent with the model exact global symmetry recently extended to $SO(3)\times SO(3)\times U(1)$. There is a large consensus that in the thermodynamic limit $N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$ long-range antiferromagnetic order occurs in the spin-density $m=0$ ground state of the half-filled Hubbard model on the square lattice. Here we find that the corresponding spontaneous symmetry breaking lowers the symmetry of such a state from $SO(3)\times SO(3)\times U(1)$ for $N_a^2\gg 1$ large but finite to $[U(2)\times U(1)]/Z_2^2 \equiv [SO(3)\times U(1)\times U(1)]/Z_2$ for $N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$. Moreover, we argue that the spin effective lattice being identical to the original lattice is a necessary condition for the occurrence of ground-state long-range antiferromagnetic order in the limit $N_a^2\rightarrow\infty$. Consistently, strong evidence is provided that for very small hole concentration $0<x\ll1$ the ground state has a short-range incommensurate-spiral spin order. Our results are of interest both for condensed-matter systems and ultra-cold fermionic atoms on an optical square lattice.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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